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関連する概念動画

What is Climate?01:16

What is Climate?

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Climate refers to the prevailing weather conditions in a specific area over an extended period. As the saying goes, “Climate is what you expect. Weather is what you get.” Climate is influenced by geographic factors, such as latitude, terrain, and proximity to bodies of water.
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Global Climate Change01:50

Global Climate Change

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Throughout its ~4.5 billion year history, the Earth has experienced periods of warming and cooling. However, the current drastic increase in global temperatures is well outside of the Earth’s cyclic norms, and evidence for human-caused global climate change is compelling. Paleoclimatology, the study of ancient climate conditions, provides ample evidence for human-caused global climate change by comparing recent conditions with those in the past.
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Though evaporation from plant leaves drives transpiration, it also results in loss of water. Because water is critical for photosynthetic reactions and other cellular processes, evolutionary pressures on plants in different environments have driven the acquisition of adaptations that reduce water loss.
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There have been five major extinction events throughout geological history, resulting in the elimination of biodiversity, followed by a rebound of species that adapted to the new conditions. In the current geological epoch, the Holocene, there is a sixth extinction event in progress. This mass extinction has been attributed to human activities and is thus provisionally called the Anthropocene. In 2019 the human population reached 7.7 billion people and is projected to comprise 10 billion by...
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Every organism has an optimum temperature range within which healthy growth and physiological functioning can occur. At the ends of this range, there will be a minimum and maximum temperature that interrupt biological processes.
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森林の気候緩和の可能性に対する気候変動によるリスク

William R L Anderegg1, Anna T Trugman2, Grayson Badgley3

  • 1School of Biological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84113, USA. anderegg@utah.edu.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
まとめ

森林は気候変動を緩和できますが 火災や干ばつなどの 気候リスクは 森林の炭素吸収を脅かしています これらのリスクを理解することは 森林を基盤とした効果的な 気候変動対策に不可欠です

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科学分野:

  • 森林の生態学
  • 気候変動科学
  • 保護生物学

背景:

  • 森林は人為的な気候変動の緩和に不可欠な役割を果たし,多くの社会的な共同利益をもたらします.
  • 気候変動は大きなリスクをもたらし 21世紀を通して 森林の炭素吸収源の安定性を損なう可能性があります

研究 の 目的:

  • 火災,干ばつ,バイオティック剤を含む森林の安定性に対する気候変動によるリスクに関する現在の知識を統合する.
  • 森林を活用した自然気候解決法が,現在これらのリスクをどのように説明し,どのように改善できるかを検討する.
  • 森林の安定に対するリスクの推定と予測を強化する最近の科学的進歩を強調する.

主な方法:

  • 森林の安定性に対する気候変動によるリスク (火災,干ばつ,生物学的物質) の文献集約
  • 森林を自然気候の解決策として利用する現行慣行の検討
  • 植物の生理学,干渉生態学,生態学的モデリング,遠隔感知における最近の進歩の分析.

主要な成果:

  • 気候変動による干渉は 森林の炭素吸収源を 根本的に脅かしています
  • 自然な気候の解決策への現在のアプローチは,気候に起因するリスクの科学的な理解を完全に取り入れていない可能性があります.
  • 環境科学の進歩により 森林の安定性に対するリスクの評価と予測が改善されています

結論:

  • 森林を自然気候の解決策として最適化するには,気候変動によるリスクの包括的な理解と定量化が不可欠です.
  • 政策立案者や関係者は森林管理と気候変動緩和戦略に 健全なリスク評価を組み込む必要があります
  • 森林を基盤とした気候変動対策の長期的な有効性を確保するには,継続的な研究と技術の進歩が不可欠です.