人口と生物多様性の変化の触媒として,景観規模の森林損失
Gergana N Daskalova1, Isla H Myers-Smith2, Anne D Bjorkman3,4
1School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, Scotland. gndaskalova@gmail.com.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 20, 2020
まとめ
森林の減少は生物多様性を大きく変えており 種数と多様性の変化を48%まで増幅しています この生物多様性の変化は50年間も続くことがあり,土地利用の変化がもたらす深刻な影響を強調しています.
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- 生物多様性科学
- 保護生物学
背景:
- 地球規模での評価では 土地利用の変化が 生物多様性の変化の主な要因とされています
- 住環境の変化,特に森林の減少や増殖が 生物多様性に影響を与えるという 経験的なデータは限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- 森林覆いの変化が人口や生態系に与える影響を定量化する.
- 森林の喪失に対する生物多様性反応の規模と期間を調査する.
主な方法:
- 六つの分類学グループにわたる6090のグローバルに分布したタイムシリーズデータを分析した.
- 森林覆いの動態に関連して,局所的な豊富さ,種の豊かさ,および時間的な種の転移の変化の定量化.
主要な成果:
- 森林の減少は48%まで 森林の豊富さや 種の豊かさや 森林の転移の局所的な変化を 加速させました
- 森林の喪失に伴う人口と集団の移動の時間的な遅延は50年まで観察されました.
- この時間的な遅延の期間は 種が生まれるにつれて増加した.
結論:
- 森林の減少は 人口と生物多様性の大きな変化を 引き起こす要因となります
- 土地利用の変化の生物学的影響,特に森林の喪失は複雑で長期的なものです.
- これらの時間的動態を理解することは 効果的な生物多様性保全戦略に不可欠です
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