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関連する概念動画

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation01:22

Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation

360
Nitrogen is an essential element in biological systems, forming a crucial component of proteins, nucleic acids, and other cellular constituents. Many bacteria and archaea acquire nitrogen in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) or ammonia (NH₃), which are then assimilated into biomolecules through specific enzymatic pathways.Assimilatory Nitrate ReductionWhen nitrate enters the cell, it undergoes a two-step reduction process known as assimilatory nitrate reduction. Initially, the enzyme...
360
Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs01:15

Metabolism of Chemolithotrophs

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Chemolithotrophs are microorganisms that obtain energy by oxidizing inorganic molecules such as hydrogen gas (H₂), ammonia (NH₃), reduced sulfur compounds (H₂S, S²⁻), and ferrous iron (Fe²⁺). Unlike heterotrophic organisms that rely on organic carbon, chemolithotrophs transfer electrons from these inorganic donors to the electron transport chain (ETC), generating a proton motive force (PMF) that drives ATP synthesis through oxidative phosphorylation.
605
Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂01:29

Role of Reduced Coenzymes NADH and FADH₂

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The energy released from the breakdown of the chemical bonds within nutrients can be stored either through the reduction of electron carriers or in the bonds of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In living systems, a small class of compounds functions as mobile electron carriers, molecules that bind to and shuttle high-energy electrons between compounds in pathways. The principal electron carriers that will be considered originate from the B vitamin group and are derivatives of nucleotides; they are...
15.8K
Metal-Ligand Bonds02:51

Metal-Ligand Bonds

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The hemoglobin in the blood, the chlorophyll in green plants, vitamin B-12, and the catalyst used in the manufacture of polyethylene all contain coordination compounds. Ions of the metals, especially the transition metals, are likely to form complexes.
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
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Cofactors and Coenzymes01:24

Cofactors and Coenzymes

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Enzymes are proteins made of amino acids. The functional group of each constituent amino acid catalyzes a wide variety of chemical reactions via ionic interactions or acid-base reactions. However, amino acids cannot catalyze oxidation-reduction and group transfer reactions and need to be aided by non-protein components called cofactors. Cofactors are also referred to as the chemical teeth of an enzyme.
Cofactors can be metallic ions or organic molecules called coenzymes. These types of helper...
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Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism01:20

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

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Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of  ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or  nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
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Updated: Dec 18, 2025

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction
10:57

Synthesis and Performance Characterizations of Transition Metal Single Atom Catalyst for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction

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Mo-nitrogenaseによるN2還元中のダイナミックメタルコファクターの構造的証拠

Wonchull Kang1, Chi Chung Lee1, Andrew J Jasniewski1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 20, 2020
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

窒素酵素

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Catalytic Reactions at Amine-Stabilized and Ligand-Free Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on Titania During Hydrogenation of Alkenes and Aldehydes
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Last Updated: Dec 18, 2025

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科学分野:

  • 生物化学
  • 構造生物学
  • 酵素学

背景:

  • 窒素酸は大気中の窒素をアンモニアに変換するのに不可欠です.
  • 窒素酶触媒の正確なメカニズムは,まだ完全に理解されていません.
  • メタロコファクターは,窒素酵素の二酸化窒素還元活動に不可欠である.

研究 の 目的:

  • 窒素酵素の機能のメカニズム的な詳細を解明する.
  • N2の回転中にMoFeタンパク質の構造を捕捉し分析する.
  • 窒素固定におけるコファクターダイナミクスの役割を調査する.

主な方法:

  • X線結晶学
  • MoFeタンパク質の高解像度 (1.83 Å) の結晶構造の決定
  • 生理学的N2回転条件下におけるコファクター構造変化の分析

主要な成果:

  • コファクター帯硫黄 (S2B,S3A,S5A) の非対称な移転が観察されました.
  • 2つのアルファベータ二元体内で異なるダイナトロゲン種を特定した.
  • 陽子提供とMo-ホモシトラート結合の違いを明らかにした (双歯型から単歯型への切り替え).

結論:

  • 窒素酵素のコファクターは,触媒作用中にダイナミックな行動を示す.
  • 特定されたすべてのベルト硫黄部位は窒素固定プロセスに参加しているようです.
  • この発見は,生物学的窒素固定のメカニズムに関する重要な洞察を提供します.