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小アンティルスの火山の進化を制御する変数入水
George F Cooper1,2, Colin G Macpherson3, Jon D Blundy4
1School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK. CooperG3@cardiff.ac.uk.
Nature
|June 26, 2020
まとめ
サブデュークテッド・サーペンタインは,マントル岩の水分化であり,小アンティルスの火山弧の主要な水源である. この深い水は 火山活動,地震,地殻の進化に 大きく影響を与えます
科学分野:
- 地化学
- 地理学
- ペトロロジー
背景:
- 海洋の石化層は水を潜水によってマントルに運び込む.
- 沈殿した水はマグマの生成,地震性,大陸の地殻形成に影響を与えます.
- 潜水地帯の深層流体源を追跡することは複雑です.
研究 の 目的:
- 小アンティル諸島の火山の噴出源を調査する
- 弧の進化と関連する危険性における水分化の役割を決定する.
- 地震と火山の活動に 潜水板の構造と水分を結びつける
主な方法:
- 融解中の塩素と同位体の指紋の分析
- 地化学と地物理データを組み合わせた多学科的アプローチ
- 非均一な水分化の重要な例として,大西洋の潜水地帯の研究.
主要な成果:
- 蛇形 (水分マントル) は,中部の中央アンティルスの水源である.
- 過去1000万年にわたる 断裂地帯が この蛇形の宿主である可能性が高い
- 断裂地帯の現在の脱水は,高い地震性と低い切断速度と相関しています.
- 過去の脱水現象は 増加した火山の生産性と 厚い弧の地殻と一致しています
結論:
- 潜水板の構造と水分は,弧の進化を直接制御する.
- 深い水循環は,特に水分マントルから,弧マグマティズムと地震性において重要な役割を果たします.
- サブダクションゾーンの水分化を理解することは,火山と地震の危険性を評価する上で鍵となる.
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