セレノメラニン:フェオメラニンのアビオティックセレニウムアナログ
Wei Cao1,2, Naneki C McCallum1, Qing Zhe Ni3
1Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States of America.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 9, 2020
まとめ
研究者はセレノメラニンという 新しいメラニンの変種を合成しました セレニウムに富んだこのバイオポリマーは,既存のメラニンと比較して,人間の皮膚細胞に優れたX線保護を提供し,新しい自然なメラニンタイプを示唆しています.
科学分野:
- 生物化学
- バイオ物理学
- 放射線科
背景:
- メラニンは様々なバイオポリマーで 放射線保護の役割があります
- メラニンの放射線保護に関する既存の研究は主にエウメラニンとアロメラニンに焦点を当てています.
- フェオメラニンはX線吸収に有望ですが,優れた代替品が求められています.
研究 の 目的:
- セレニウムで濃縮されたメラニン (セレノメラニン) が電離放射線保護を強化する可能性を調査する.
- 既知のメラニンと比較してセレノメラニンの存在と優れた保護能力を仮説化する.
- フェオメラニンの新しいセレニウムアナログを合成し,特徴づけること.
主な方法:
- セレノシスティンを用いたセレノメラニンの化学および生物合成.
- 合成されたセレノメラニンの構造的特徴.
- 新生児のヒト表皮ケラチノサイト (NHEK) に対するセレノメラニンのX線照射に対するインビトロ保護効果の試験.
主要な成果:
- セレノメラニンの成功合成 構造的にフェオメラニンの模倣です
- セレノメラニンは,高用量のX線照射でNHEK細胞におけるG2/M相停止を効果的に防ぐことが示された.
- 保護効果は,優れた放射線シールドの可能性を示唆しています.
結論:
- セレノメラニンは,X線保護の有意な可能性を持つメラニンの新しいクラスを表します.
- この発見はセレニウム濃縮が メラニンの 放射線遮断性能を高めるという仮説を裏付けている.
- この研究はセレノメラニンが まだ発見されていない第6の天然のメラニン種である可能性を示唆しています
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