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RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins02:36

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Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
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Eukaryotic Transcription Activators02:42

Eukaryotic Transcription Activators

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Transcription activators are proteins that promote the transcription of genes from DNA to RNA. In most cases, these proteins contain two separate domains ‒ a domain that binds to DNA and a domain for activating transcription; however, in some cases, a single domain is responsible for both binding and activation of transcription, as seen in the glucocorticoid receptor and MyoD.
The binding domains are capable of recognizing and interacting with regulatory sequences on the DNA. These...
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Gene transcription is regulated by the synergistic action of several proteins that form a complex at a gene regulatory site. This is observed in eukaryotes, where the regulation of gene expression is a complex process. Regulatory proteins in eukaryotes can broadly be classified into two types – regulators that bind directly to specific DNA sequences and co-regulators that associate with regulatory proteins but cannot directly bind to the DNA. These co-regulators are further divided into...
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Master Transcription Regulators02:23

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Master transcription regulators are regulatory proteins that are predominantly responsible for regulating the expression of multiple genes. Often these genes work in concert to drive a  complex process. Activation of a master transcription regulator can lead to a cascade of transcriptional activation necessary for that outcome. These regulators can directly bind to the regulatory sequences of the various genes involved, or they can indirectly regulate transcription by binding to regulatory...
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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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Updated: Dec 15, 2025

Lentiviral Vector Platform for the Efficient Delivery of Epigenome-editing Tools into Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Disease Models
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ヒトウイルスの転写調節体

Xing Liu1, Ted Hong2, Sreeja Parameswaran3

  • 1Biology Department, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Cell
|July 11, 2020
PubMed
まとめ

この研究では,20のウイルスファミリーから419のウイルスの転写レギュレータ (vTRs) を分類し,ヒトの疾患における標的と役割を明らかにした. このリソースはウイルス学とゲノム学の研究に役立ちます.

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科学分野:

  • ウイルス学
  • ゲノミクス
  • 人間 の 病気 の 遺伝

背景:

  • ウイルスゲノムは,ウイルスと宿主遺伝子の発現を調節する転写レギュレータ (vTR) をコードする.
  • 現在,ヒトのvTRに関する包括的な注釈は存在せず,その機能と疾患関連性の理解を妨げています.

研究 の 目的:

  • ヒトのウイルス転写レギュレータ (vTRs) の包括的なカタログを作成する.
  • vTRsによって影響を受ける細胞の標的と経路を特徴づける.
  • 人体疾患の病原性におけるvTRsの役割を明らかにする.

主な方法:

  • 20の異なるウイルスファミリーの419のvTRのカタログをまとめました.
  • 共有されたユニークな細胞遺伝子,タンパク質,およびvTRsが標的とする経路を特定するためのバイオ情報分析.

主要な成果:

  • 20のウイルスファミリーの419のvTRのカタログが作成されました.
  • 特定のvTRによって調節された細胞標的と経路の特徴づけが行われました.
  • 人体疾患の病原性におけるvTRsの関与に関する洞察を得られた.

結論:

  • 開発されたカタログは,ウイルス学,ゲノミクス,ヒトの疾患遺伝学の貴重なリソースとして機能しています.
  • ウイルスのメカニズムと人間の健康への影響を解明するには,vTRを理解することが重要です.