ヒト肺腺癌の統合タンパク質特性
Jun-Yu Xu1, Chunchao Zhang2, Xiang Wang3
1State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
Cell
|July 11, 2020
まとめ
この研究では,中国人の患者からの肺腺がん (LUAD) のプロテオミクデータを包括的に分析した. HSP 90βのような新しいサブタイプと潜在的バイオマーカーが発見され,診断と標的治療の改善が期待されています.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- プロテオミクス
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- ゲノム研究により,肺腺がん (LUAD) の理解と標的治療が進んでいます.
- LUADのプロテオミック特性は未熟であり,包括的な分子プロファイリングを妨げています.
研究 の 目的:
- 中国人の患者でLUADの包括的なタンパク質分析を行う.
- プロテオミクデータをゲノムとトランスクリプトミクデータと統合し,より深い生物学的な洞察を得ること.
- LUADサブタイプ,潜在的薬物標的,および予後バイオマーカーを特定する.
主な方法:
- 総合的なプロテオミクス,フォスフォプロテオミクス,トランスクリプトーム,および全エクソームのシーケンシングが103のLUAD症例で実施された.
- 癌に関連した特徴と分子サブタイプを特定するための統合分析
- 独立したコホートにおけるプラズマ予後バイオマーカーとしてのHSP 90βの検証.
主要な成果:
- 腫瘍に関連したタンパク質の変種と,LUADの独特のプロテオミクスの特徴を特定した.
- 臨床的および分子的特徴に関連する LUADサブタイプ (S-I,S-II,S-III) が明らかになった.
- LUADの潜在的予後バイオマーカーとして,HSP 90βの血濃度が確認されました.
結論:
- 統合プロテオミクスは,LUAD分子環境のより深い理解を提供します.
- この発見により より正確な診断と パーソナライズされた治療戦略の機会が生まれます
- HSP 90βは,肺腺がんの非侵襲的予後バイオマーカーとして有望である.
関連する概念動画
02:53Adaptive Mechanisms in Cancer Cells
Cancer cells accumulate genetic changes at an abnormally rapid rate due to the defects in the DNA repair mechanisms. From an evolutionary perspective, such genetic instability is advantageous for cancer development. Mutant cell lines accumulate a series of beneficial mutations that contribute to their progression into cancer.
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
Some of the advantages that cancer cells have on normal cells include - enhanced ability to divide without terminally differentiating, induce new blood vessel formation,...
02:17The Tumor Microenvironment
Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
01:33Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes
Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
02:49Cancer Therapies
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.