毛皮 の 幹 細胞 を 調節 する ニッチ を 形成 する 細胞 タイプ
Yulia Shwartz1, Meryem Gonzalez-Celeiro2, Chih-Lung Chen3
1Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
Cell
|July 18, 2020
まとめ
交感神経とアレクターピリ筋は,毛胞幹細胞 (HFSC) を制御するニッチを形成する. ノルエピネフリンのシグナル伝達は,HFSCの活動を制御し,毛皮の再生に不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 発達生物学
- 幹細胞生物学
- 神経科学
背景:
- ピロエレクションには毛皮,アレクターピリ筋 (APM),交感神経が関与する.
- このシステムは,上皮,中皮,神経の相互作用を研究するためのモデルとして機能する.
研究 の 目的:
- 毛小胞幹細胞 (HFSC) の活性調節におけるAPM-交感神経複合体の役割を調査する.
- 交感神経とAPMがHFSCの行動と毛皮の再生を調節するために相互作用するメカニズムを解明する.
主な方法:
- 交感神経とHFSCの構造的・機能的相互作用を調査した.
- HFSCの静止と増殖に対するノレピネフリン信号の影響を分析した.
- サニック・ヘッジホッグ (SHH) がAPM同情神経ニッチの発達に果たす役割を調べた.
主要な成果:
- 交感神経は,HFSCとシナプスのような接続を形成し,ノレピネフリンでそれらを調節します.
- APMは,HFSCへの共感内置を維持するために不可欠です.
- ノルエピネフリン信号の欠如は,Foxp1とFgf18を含むHFSCの深い静止状態を誘発する.
- HFSCから派生したSHHは,発達中のAPM-交感神経のニッチの形成を指揮する.
- このニッチは 成人の毛胞の再生を制御します
結論:
- APMと交感神経は,HFSCの活動を調節する二重のニッチを形成します.
- 交感神経は神経伝達物質とシナプスのような接続を通じて 幹細胞を制御します
- 髪の毛のニッチと幹細胞の間の相互関係があり,組織生産と生理学的要求を結びつける.
関連する概念動画
01:06Multipotency and Niche of Bulge Stem Cell
4.0K
A hair follicle or HF is a small part of the skin that produces the hair shaft. Paul Gerson Unna was the first to observe a bulge in the human hair follicle's outer root sheath (ORS). The bulge is present between the sebaceous gland and the arrector pili muscle and is the niche for hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs). The bulge is also a niche for melanocyte stem cells, and their loss results in graying of hair. The HFSCs express Sox9 and Lhx2, which help them maintain stemness and prevent...
4.0K
01:26Stem Cell Niche
6.0K
The stem cell niche is the dynamic microenvironment where stem cells reside. Inside these niches, the cells may remain undifferentiated, undergo high self-renewal, or become lineage-specific progenitors. Stem cells coexist with other niche cells, such as stromal cells. They also interact closely with the ECM. Cell-cell and cell-matrix communication occur via adhesion molecules or soluble factors that signal the stem cells and determine their fate. Stromal cells also provide survival signals to...
6.0K
01:16Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair and Hair Follicles
4.0K
Hair and hair follicles are integral components of the integumentary system. Hair is a filamentous structure composed mainly of a protein called keratin. It is found on the surface of the skin throughout the body, except for areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet.
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
Hair is a keratinous filament growing out of the epidermis. It is primarily made of dead, keratinized cells. Hair strands originate at the epidermal penetration called the hair follicle. The hair shaft is the part...
4.0K
01:12Renewal of Skin Epidermal Stem Cells
2.9K
The skin is divided into epidermis, dermis, and hypodermis, the skin's outermost, middle, and inner layers. The human epidermal layer regularly undergoes renewal, where old, dead cells are replaced by new cells. Epidermal stem cells or EpiSCs divide and differentiate to restore the lost cells. For the renewal process, some EpiSCs continuously self-renew. In contrast, few others differentiate into transit-amplifying cells, which later form prickle or spinous cells, followed by granular...
2.9K
01:20Accessory Structures of the Skin: Hair Growth and Types
2.1K
Hair growth begins with the production of keratinocytes by the basal cells of the hair bulb. As new cells are deposited at the hair bulb, the hair shaft is pushed through the follicle toward the surface. Keratinization is completed as the cells are pushed to the skin surface to form the shaft of hair that is externally visible. The external hair is completely dead and composed entirely of keratin. Hair can be cut or shaven without damaging the hair structure because the cut is superficial. Most...
2.1K
01:19Multipotency of Hematopoietic Stem Cells
3.7K
The hematopoietic stem cells or HSCs are multipotent, meaning they can differentiate and give rise to all blood and immune cells. HSCs are maintained in the quiescent stage until an external stimulus initiates their differentiation. The multipotent HSCs exist as two heterogeneous populations, long-term repopulating cells (LTRC) and short-term repopulating cells (STRC). The two HSC populations have different surface markers or receptors and are classified based on quiescence and long-term...
3.7K