SARS-CoV-2のスパイクにおける複数のエピトープに対する強力な中和抗体
Lihong Liu1, Pengfei Wang1, Manoj S Nair1
1Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.
Nature
|July 23, 2020
まとめ
研究者らは,COVID-19患者から61個のSARS-CoV-2中和性モノクローナル抗体を分離した. 19つの抗体は強力な中和性を示し,9つの抗体は高い有効性を示し,重症急性呼吸器症候群コロナウイルス-2 (SARS-CoV-2) に対する潜在的な治療用途を示しています.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学
- 免疫学
- 構造生物学
背景:
- 進行中の重症急性呼吸器症候群コロナウイルス-2 (SARS-CoV-2) パンデミックは,効果的な治療法と予防措置の開発を必要としています.
- SARS-CoV-2を標的としたモノクローナル抗体は,このウイルスと戦うための有望な治療戦略である.
研究 の 目的:
- 重症コロナウイルス病 2019 (COVID-19) の患者からSARS-CoV-2 中和性モノクローナル抗体を分離し,特徴づけること.
- これらの抗体の潜在的臨床開発のための効能と表位標的を評価する.
主な方法:
- 入院した5人のCOVID-19患者の単一クローン抗体の分離.
- ウイルスを抑制する濃度を決定する in vitro 中和測定法.
- エピトープマッピングと冷凍電子顕微鏡で,抗体結合部位とスパイクタンパク質の形状を特定する.
主要な成果:
- 61のSARS-CoV-2 中和性モノクローナル抗体が分離されました.
- 19の抗体は,in vitroで強力な中和性を示し,9つの抗体は,非常に高い強度 (0. 7~9ng/ ml) を示した.
- 抗体は受容体結合ドメイン (RBD) とN端ドメイン (NTD) を標的にし,閉じたスパイク形状を認識した.
結論:
- 有力なSARS-CoV-2中和性モノクローナル抗体のコレクションが特定されました.
- これらの抗体は,ウイルススパイクタンパク質の重要な領域を標的とし,SARS-CoV-2に対する治療および予防剤として有望である.
- 構造分析は,抗体-スパイク相互作用の洞察を提供し,さらなる開発を導く.
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