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参考 の 質 の ゲノム 6 件 は,コウモリ の 適応 の 進化 を 明らかに し て い ます
David Jebb1,2,3, Zixia Huang4, Martin Pippel1,3
1Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Dresden, Germany.
Nature
|July 24, 2020
まとめ
参照の質のゲノムは 蝙蝠の飛行,エコーロケーション,免疫適応を明らかにします これらのゲノム情報源は 独特のコウモリ特性の進化を明らかにし 人間の健康に関する洞察を提供しています
科学分野:
- ゲノミクス
- 進化生物学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- コウモリには 飛ぶ能力,回声定位能力,長生き能力, 独特の免疫力があります
- これらの特徴の遺伝的根拠を理解することは 進化論の研究にとって極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- 6種のコウモリに 高品質のリファレンスゲノムを作成します
- バット適応の分子的・進化的基盤を明らかにする
主な方法:
- ロングリード・シーケンシングと 先進的な脚本技術
- TOGAソフトウェアとトランスクリプトミクスを用いた統合遺伝子アノテーション.
- バット進化の位置づけを決定するゲノム領域の系統分析
- 選択,遺伝子喪失/拡張,およびマイクロRNA変異のための全ゲノムスクリーニング.
主要な成果:
- 6種のコウモリゲノムを 作成しました
- 蝙蝠の系統を解明し,基本的にはScrotiferaに配置した.
- 聴覚遺伝子の正の選択を特定した 祖先の回音位置を示唆する
- 免疫遺伝子の選択と 抗ウイルスAPOBEC3遺伝子の拡大の証拠が見つかりました
- 過去のウイルス耐性を示す ゲノムによるウイルスの統合を記録した.
- バット特有のマイクロRNAの変異を検証した.
結論:
- バットゲノムは適応を研究するのに不可欠な資源です
- ゲノムの洞察は バット免疫とエコロケーションの 背後にある分子メカニズムを明らかにします
- これらの発見は,人間の健康と病気に関連する研究を刺激します.
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