性感染症を予防するための行動カウンセリング介入:米国の予防サービスタスクフォースの勧告声明
, Alex H Krist1,2, Karina W Davidson3
1Fairfax Family Practice Residency, Fairfax, Virginia.
JAMA
|August 19, 2020
まとめ
行動カウンセリングは,性感染症 (性感染症) を予防するのに役立つ. この介入は,STIの取得を減らすことで適度な純利益をもたらします.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- 予防 医療
- 感染症
背景:
- 性感染症 (STD) は毎年約2000万人のアメリカ人に感染し,新規症例の半分は15歳から24歳の人々です.
- クラミジア,淋病,梅毒 の 増加 は,公衆 衛生 に 関する 懸念 を 強調 し て い ます.
- 無症候性性感染症は診断や治療を遅らせ,エイズを含む深刻な長期的な健康被害をもたらします.
研究 の 目的:
- 性感染症の予防のための行動カウンセリングの有効性に関する最新の勧告を提供すること.
- STIの獲得を減らすためのカウンセリング介入の利益と害を見直す.
主な方法:
- 米国予防サービスタスクフォース (USPSTF) は,体系的な証拠レビューを委託しました.
- このレビューは,STIの獲得を防ぐための行動カウンセリングの介入に焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- 行動カウンセリングの介入は,性感染症の罹患率を 控える確率が適度高いことを示しています.
- これらの介入は,性的に活発な青少年とリスクのある成人に適度な純利益を示しています.
結論:
- USPSTFは性的に活発な若者のための行動カウンセリングを推奨しています.
- 性感染症のリスクが高い成人も,現在性感染症やコンドーム使用の不一致や複数のパートナーを持つ人も,このカウンセリングを受けるべきです.
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