海からの食料の未来
Christopher Costello1,2, Ling Cao3, Stefan Gelcich4,5
1Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA. costello@bren.ucsb.edu.
Nature
|August 21, 2020
まとめ
世界の食糧需要は上昇しています. 野生の漁業と海洋養殖を含む持続可能な海洋食糧生産は2050年までに36~74%増加し,将来の肉の需要に大きく貢献するでしょう.
科学分野:
- 海洋生物学
- 持続可能な養殖
- 漁業管理
背景:
- 食料の需要が増加する中で 供給の持続的な増加が求められています
- 陸上での食糧生産の拡大は 気候変動や生物多様性の喪失を 危険にさらしています
- 海洋からの食糧源は 肉の17%しか供給していません
研究 の 目的:
- 2050年までに海産食品の持続可能な生産可能性を推定する.
- 野生の漁業,フィンフィッシュ・マリカルチャー,双valveマリカルチャーの貢献を分析する.
- さまざまな需要と供給のシナリオの下で将来の魚介類生産を予測する.
主な方法:
- 主要な海洋食品部門の"持続可能な供給曲線"の開発
- 環境的,経済的,規制的,技術的な制約を含みます.
- 2050年の需要シナリオと供給曲線の重複
主要な成果:
- 持続可能な海産物生産は2050年までに2千万~4千万トン (36~74%増) 増加する見込みです.
- この増加は,世界の肉需要の総推定増加の12-25%を占めています.
- 魚介類の生産は最も大きく増加すると予測されています.
結論:
- 海洋による食糧生産は,世界の食糧需要の増大に対応する大きな可能性を秘めています.
- この可能性を持続的に実現するには 政策改革,技術的進歩,需要の変化が不可欠です
- 持続可能な漁業と養殖は 将来の食糧安全保障に不可欠です
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