腸内微生物が協力して脊髄の炎症を悪化させる
Eiji Miyauchi1, Seok-Won Kim1, Wataru Suda1
1RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan.
Nature
|August 28, 2020
まとめ
腸内微生物は 多発性硬化症 (MS) に 関与しています 2つの特定の腸内細菌株が T細胞を活性化して マウスのMS症状を悪化させ 新しい予防戦略を示唆しています
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
- 神経科学
背景:
- 腸内微生物は 多発性硬化症 (MS) などの自己免疫疾患に 関連性が増しています
- 腸内微生物がMSの腸外炎に影響する正確なメカニズムは不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- 多発性硬化症の病原化に腸内微生物がどのように寄与するかを明らかにする.
- 自己反応性T細胞を活性化する 特定の腸内微生物信号を特定する
主な方法:
- マウスにおける自己免疫脳炎 (EAE) の誘導
- 特定の腸内細菌による 細菌のないマウスの単体植民
- ショットガンの細腸の配列解析
- MOG特有のCD4+T細胞応答の分析
主要な成果:
- EAEを持つマウスは小腸にMOG特異のCD4+T細胞を示した.
- 新しいErysipelotrichaceae株はTヘルパー17細胞の反応を強化し,補助剤として作用した.
- ラクトバチルス・レウテリ菌株はMOGを模倣するペプチドを 持っていた.
- 両方の菌株との共同コロニー化は,単一コロニー化または細菌のないマウスと比較して,EAEの症状を悪化させた.
結論:
- 2つの異なる腸内微生物の信号が 細腸の自己反応性T細胞を活性化し MSの病原化に寄与します
- これらの発見は,MSの重症度における特定の腸内細菌の役割を強調しています.
- これらの微生物の相互作用をターゲットにすることで 多発性硬化症の新たな予防戦略が提供されるかもしれません
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