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RNA Structure01:23

RNA Structure

78.1K
Overview
The basic structure of RNA consists of a five-carbon sugar and one of four nitrogenous bases. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA): messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three RNA types consist of a...
78.1K
RNA Structure01:19

RNA Structure

6.5K
The basic structure of RNA consists of a string of ribonucleotides attached by phosphodiester bonds. Although most RNA is single-stranded, it can form complex secondary and tertiary structures. Such structures play essential roles in the regulation of transcription and translation.
Different Types of RNA Have the Same Basic Structure
There are three main types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). All three...
6.5K
Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

8.1K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
8.1K
Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation02:53

Conservative Site-specific Recombination and Phase Variation

6.5K
Because the DNA segments are cut and reorganized in a direction-specific manner, site-specific recombination has emerged as an efficient genetic engineering technique. Flippase and Cyclization recombinases or Flp and Cre, respectively, are two members of the tyrosine recombinase family derived from bacteriophages, that are used to mediate site-specific DNA insertions, deletions, and targeted expression of proteins in mammalian cell lines.
The recognition sites for Cre recombinase called LoxP...
6.5K
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

8.5K
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
8.5K
RNA Editing02:23

RNA Editing

9.6K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.6K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Dec 10, 2025

DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation
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DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation

Published on: September 16, 2019

8.6K

DNA誘発構造によるサイト選択型RNA機能化

Lu Xiao1, Maryam Habibian1, Eric T Kool1

  • 1Department of Chemistry, ChEM-H Institute and Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|September 1, 2020
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

研究者らは,サイト特有のRNA機能化のためのDNA指向の方法である,誘導ループでのRNAアサイレーション (RAIL) を開発した. この技術により,RNA分子の正確なラベリングと制御が可能になり,ストキャスティックメソッドの限界を克服します.

さらに関連する動画

Probing RNA Structure with Dimethyl Sulfate Mutational Profiling with Sequencing In Vitro and in Cells
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Probing RNA Structure with Dimethyl Sulfate Mutational Profiling with Sequencing In Vitro and in Cells

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Protocol for the Solid-phase Synthesis of Oligomers of RNA Containing a 2'-O-thiophenylmethyl Modification and Characterization via Circular Dichroism
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Protocol for the Solid-phase Synthesis of Oligomers of RNA Containing a 2'-O-thiophenylmethyl Modification and Characterization via Circular Dichroism

Published on: July 28, 2017

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関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Dec 10, 2025

DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation
09:12

DNAzyme-dependent Analysis of rRNA 2’-O-Methylation

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Probing RNA Structure with Dimethyl Sulfate Mutational Profiling with Sequencing In Vitro and in Cells
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Probing RNA Structure with Dimethyl Sulfate Mutational Profiling with Sequencing In Vitro and in Cells

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Protocol for the Solid-phase Synthesis of Oligomers of RNA Containing a 2'-O-thiophenylmethyl Modification and Characterization via Circular Dichroism
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Protocol for the Solid-phase Synthesis of Oligomers of RNA Containing a 2'-O-thiophenylmethyl Modification and Characterization via Circular Dichroism

Published on: July 28, 2017

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科学分野:

  • 生物化学
  • 分子生物学
  • 化学生物学

背景:

  • サイト固有のRNAの機能化は,特にin vitroに転写されたRNAにとって,極めて重要です.
  • 既存の方法は,塩基配列のない2'-OH群でストキャスティックな変化を起こすことが多く,正確な制御を制限する.
  • 局所的なRNA改変は,RNAの機能を制御し,特定のラベリングを可能にするなど,多様な応用の可能性を提供します.

研究 の 目的:

  • 2'-OH群でサイト選択的なRNA機能化のための新しいDNA指向戦略を開発する.
  • 分子生物学と化学生物学での応用のためにRNAの改変を正確に制御できるようにする.
  • ストキャスティックRNA改変方法の限界を克服する.

主な方法:

  • 補完的なDNAオリゴヌクレオチドを用いた手法であるRNAアサイレーション・アット・インダクト・ループ (RAIL) を開発した.
  • ヘルパーDNAプローブはRNAに局所的な隙間またはループを作り,特定の2'-OH群を反応に曝します.
  • アシリミダゾール反応剤は,標的の露出した2'-OH部位で高収量結合に使用されます.

主要な成果:

  • RAILは,RNA分子のサイト固有の2'-OH結合の高収率を達成します.
  • 最適なヘルパーオリゴデオキシヌクレオチドの設計と反応条件が特定されました.
  • この方法は局所的なリボ酵素活性を制御し,RNAの二色光ラベルを有効にしました.

結論:

  • RAILアプローチは,サイト選択型RNAの標識と制御のためのシンプルで新しい戦略を提供します.
  • この方法は,様々な長さや起源のRNAに適用でき,幅広い有用性があります.
  • RAILはRNA機能化の分野を進めており,RNA分子の精密な操作を可能にしています.