高血圧の米国成人の血圧管理の傾向 (1999-2000年から2017-2018年)

Paul Muntner¹, Shakia T Hardy¹, Lawrence J Fine²

¹Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham.

JAMA

|September 9, 2020

まとめ

米国成人の血圧 (BP) のコントロールは,最初は改善したが,その後は低下した. この傾向は,心臓血管疾患のリスクを減らすために高血圧管理の継続的な努力の必要性を強調しています.

科学分野:

心血管疾患の疫学
公衆衛生の監視
高血圧管理

背景:

心血管疾患 (CVD) のリスクを減らすには,血圧 (BP) の制御が不可欠です.
高血圧は,米国の成人のかなりの部分に影響します.

研究の目的:

1999~2000年から2017~2018年の高血圧の米国成人の血圧管理の動向を分析する.
血圧管理に伴う人口統計と医療関連の要因を特定する.

主な方法:

国家保健栄養調査 (NHANES) データの連続的横断分析.
10回の調査サイクル (1999年−2018年) で,高血圧の米国人18,262人を対象に実施した.
静脈動脈圧 < 140 mm Hg と静脈動脈動脈圧 < 90 mm Hg と定義される

主要な成果:

制御された高血圧の成人の割合は1999-2000年の31.8%から2007-2008年の48.5%に増加し,2017-2018年には43.7%に減少した.
非ヒスパニックの白人成人と比較して,非ヒスパニックの黒人成人では血圧がコントロールされる可能性が低い.
医療保険と通常の医療施設へのアクセスは高血圧制御率と関連していました.

結論:

高血圧の米国成人の血圧コントロールは,最初は上昇し,その後は著しく低下した.
人種・民族・社会経済的な状況によって BPのコントロールの格差がある.
全国的に高血圧の制御を改善し維持するために,継続的な公衆衛生の努力が必要である.

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