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関連する概念動画

Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

71.7K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
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RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

27.4K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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Translational Regulation01:29

Translational Regulation

422
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
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Cis-regulatory Sequences02:02

Cis-regulatory Sequences

11.3K
Cis-regulatory sequences are short fragments of non-coding DNA that are present on the same chromosomes as the genes that they regulate. These fragments serve as binding sites for transcriptional regulators, proteins that are responsible for controlling gene transcription and differential gene expression across cell types in eukaryotes. Cis-regulatory sequences can be close to the gene of interest or thousands of bases away in the DNA sequence; however, those sequences that are further away are...
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Automated Separation of C. elegans Variably Colonized by a Bacterial Pathogen
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Automated Separation of C. elegans Variably Colonized by a Bacterial Pathogen

Published on: March 21, 2014

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C. elegansは,病原性の回避を学ぶために,細菌の非コーディングRNAを解釈する.

Rachel Kaletsky1,2, Rebecca S Moore1, Geoffrey D Vrla1

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA.

Nature
|September 10, 2020
PubMed
まとめ
この要約は機械生成です。

病原菌への単発暴露

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RNA Fluorescence in situ Hybridization FISH to Visualize Microbial Colonization and Infection in Caenorhabditis elegans Intestines
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Osmotic Avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans: Synaptic Function of Two Genes, Orthologues of Human NRXN1 and NLGN1, as Candidates for Autism
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Automated Separation of C. elegans Variably Colonized by a Bacterial Pathogen
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RNA Fluorescence in situ Hybridization FISH to Visualize Microbial Colonization and Infection in Caenorhabditis elegans Intestines
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RNA Fluorescence in situ Hybridization FISH to Visualize Microbial Colonization and Infection in Caenorhabditis elegans Intestines

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Osmotic Avoidance in Caenorhabditis elegans: Synaptic Function of Two Genes, Orthologues of Human NRXN1 and NLGN1, as Candidates for Autism
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科学分野:

  • 微生物学
  • 遺伝学
  • 神経科学

背景:

  • 食物と病原体を区別しなければならない
  • バクテリアの接触は 虫の行動に影響を与えます

研究 の 目的:

  • 病原体回避学習における小さなRNAの役割を調査する.
  • 世代を超えた回避行動の遺伝的メカニズムを決定する.

主な方法:

  • 病原性Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA14) 小型RNAに対するC. elegansの暴露
  • 治療された虫やその後の世代における回避行動の評価
  • RNA干渉 (RNAi),PIWIと相互作用するRNA (piRNA) 経路,生殖系,ASIニューロンの関与を調査する.
  • 特定のバクテリアの非コーディングRNAとその標的であるC. elegansを特定する.

主要な成果:

  • PA14小RNAへの単発暴露は,C. elegansにおける病原体回避を誘導した.
  • この学ばれた回避は 4世代に渡って受け継がれました
  • RNAiとpiRNA経路,生殖線,ASIニューロンは誘発回避と遺伝の両方に不可欠でした.
  • 特定のPseudomonas aeruginosa非コーディングRNA (P11) は,学習された回避のために必要で十分であった.
  • この回避行動に必要な標的としてC.elegans遺伝子maco-1が特定されました.

結論:

  • 小型RNAは,C. elegansにおける学習された病原体回避を媒介する.
  • この学習された行動とその基礎となる 分子機構は 世代を超えて受け継がれます
  • 非コーディングRNA依存メカニズムは 虫が微生物の脅威を世代を超えて感知し 情報を伝達することを可能にします