関連する実験動画
Updated: Aug 9, 2026
08:49
Visualization of Cortical Modules in Flattened Mammalian Cortices
Published on: January 22, 2018
脳の皮質領域の仕様
1Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|July 8, 1988
まとめ
半径単位仮説は,人間の脳新皮質が原始細胞からどのように発達するかを説明します. このモデルは,広範な神経生物学的データによって支持された,ニューロン生成,導かれた移住,および領域形成の詳細を記載しています.
科学分野:
- 神経科学は神経科学である.
- 発達生物学 発達生物学について
背景:
- 人間の脳新皮質には,心室の祖先から生成された膨大な数のニューロンが含まれています.
- ニューロン生成と層形成を含む皮質発達の正確なメカニズムを理解することは極めて重要です.
研究 の 目的:
- 放射線単位仮説を用いて新皮質ニューロンの生成と分布を説明する.
- 皮質の進化と疾患を理解するための枠組みを提供すること.
主な方法:
- 電子顕微鏡による電子顕微鏡
- 免疫細胞化学について
- [3H]チミジンと受容体のautoradiographyが使用されている.
- レトロウイルスの遺伝子転送
- 神経移植は,神経移植によるものです.
- 皮質の発達に対する外科的および遺伝的操作.
主要な成果:
- 半径単位仮説は,心室領域の増殖単位がプロトマップを作成すると仮定しています.
- グリアルガイドはニューロンの出力をオントジェネティックコラムに誘導し,異なる皮質領域を形成する.
- 先進的な技術から得られたデータは,細胞増殖,系統,現象型の運動を裏付けている.
結論:
- 放射線単位モデルは,新皮質の発達について包括的な説明を提供します.
- このモデルは,脳の進化,皮質領域の表遺伝的調節,人間の皮質障害を理解するのに役立ちます.
さらに関連する動画
関連する概念動画
01:26Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview I
The main and largest component of the human brain is the cerebrum. The cerebrum consists of two main parts: the cerebral cortex, an outer layer with wrinkles or folds known as gyri and shallow grooves called sulci, and a deeper region beneath it. The cerebrum divides into two distinct hemispheres and contains five different lobes: the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, and insula. The central sulcus separates the frontal and parietal lobes and two functionally important gyri — the...
01:11Cerebrum: Anatomical Overview II
Each cerebral hemisphere can be divided into three main regions. The outermost region, the cerebral cortex, is a thin layer (2 to 4 millimeters thick) made up of gray matter, consisting of neuron cell bodies, dendrites, glial cells, and blood vessels. The middle region, or white matter, is primarily composed of myelinated nerve fibers organized into three types of large tracts: association fibers, commissures, and projection fibers. Association fibers connect different areas within the same...
01:14Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex.
01:21Association Areas of the Cortex
Association areas are regions of the cerebral cortex that do not have a specific sensory or motor function. Instead, they integrate and interpret information from various sources to enable higher cognitive processes such as memory, learning, and decision-making. Some key association areas include the following:
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
Prefrontal Association Area: This area is located in the frontal lobe and is involved in planning, decision-making, and moderating social behavior. It connects with primary motor areas,...
01:22Lobes of the Cerebrum
The cerebral cortex, a critical structure of the brain, is intricately divided into two hemispheres, each consisting of four distinct lobes: occipital, temporal, frontal, and parietal. These lobes function cooperatively to regulate various cognitive and sensory functions, forming the basis of our complex neural capabilities.
Frontal lobe
The frontal lobes, located behind the forehead, are the command center of our brain, controlling personality, intelligence, and voluntary muscle movements.
Frontal lobe
The frontal lobes, located behind the forehead, are the command center of our brain, controlling personality, intelligence, and voluntary muscle movements.
01:23Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex
The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at the...