バイキング世界の集団ゲノム
Ashot Margaryan1,2,3, Daniel J Lawson4,5, Martin Sikora1
1Lundbeck Foundation GeoGenetics Centre, GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Nature
|September 17, 2020
まとめ
バイキング時代には スカンジナビアから大量に遺伝子が流入し ヨーロッパの人口を形作りました 古代のDNAは バイキングの遠征における 異なった移住パターンと 密接な家族関係を明らかにしています
科学分野:
- ゲノミクス
- 考古学
- 人口遺伝学
背景:
- バイキング時代 (紀元750年−1050年) は,世界史における重要な海上拡大と変革の時期でした.
- この拡大がヨーロッパの人口に与える 遺伝的影響を理解することは 歴史的および生物学的な洞察にとって極めて重要です
研究 の 目的:
- バイキング時代の地球規模の影響と 遺伝的影響を調査する
- この時期の遺伝子フローと集団の相互作用のパターンを理解する.
主な方法:
- ヨーロッパとグリーンランドの 考古学的な遺跡から 442の古代人の遺体の ゲノム配列解析
- 遺伝子構造,遺伝子フロー,集団の差異化に関する分析
- 古代のDNAと現代の集団を比較して,選択の出来事を特定する.
主要な成果:
- 南部と東部からスカンジナビアへの遺伝子フローが観察されました.
- 異なるスカンジナビアの祖先は,ヨーロッパの様々な地域で特定されました. イギリスのデンマーク人,バルト海のスウェーデン人,アイルランド,アイスランド,グリーンランドのノルウェー人.
- バイキングの遠征に参加した近親の証拠と,スカンジナビアに侵入したヨーロッパの祖先の証拠が発見された.
- LCTとANKAロシにおける濃厚なピグメント関連遺伝子の集団差別化と陽性選択が確認された.
結論:
- バイキングの移住は広範囲にわたる地域間の関与と遺伝子交換によって特徴づけられました.
- スカンジナビア人の集団は ヨーロッパの様々な地域のゲノム構成に影響を与えました
- スカンジナビアはバイキング時代,大陸の他の地域との相互作用と遺伝的混合が増加した.
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