静かな春で歌う:鳥たちは,COVID-19の閉鎖期間中に半世紀の音景の逆転に反応する
Elizabeth P Derryberry1, Jennifer N Phillips2,3, Graham E Derryberry4
1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA. liz@utk.edu.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 25, 2020
まとめ
COVID-19 パンデミックの間,都市部の騒音レベルは著しく低下し,歌う鳥はより高品質な歌を制作することができました. これは,鳥が
科学分野:
- エコロジー
- バイオアコースティック
- 動物 の 行動
背景:
- COVID-19 パンデミックにより,自動車の交通量が減り,都市部の騒音汚染が減少しました.
- 生存と繁殖のために音に依存する動物は 静かな環境から恩恵を受けます
- 人為的な騒音汚染は 野生生物とのコミュニケーションに 大きな課題をもたらしています
研究 の 目的:
- COVID-19 封鎖期間中の都市部の騒音の減少に反応して,歌う鳥がどのように歌いを適応させたかを調査する.
- 人為的な騒音の減少が鳥の音響通信に与える影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- COVID-19のロックダウン前と後のサンフランシスコ湾区の音景と鳥の歌の比較分析.
- 騒音レベルと曲の特徴 (振幅,周波数,パフォーマンス) の測定
主要な成果:
- 都市部の騒音レベルは,閉鎖期間中に著しく低下し,1950年代以降に見られなかったレベルに戻りました.
- 歌う鳥は低い振幅でより高いパフォーマンスを生み出す.
- 静かな環境でコミュニケーションの距離と注目度が最大化されます.
結論:
- 鳴き声の減少に反応して 鳴き声はすぐに調整されました
- この行動的可塑性は 野生生物が人為的な圧力に 抵抗力を発揮することを示しています
- この発見は,環境の変化に対応する迅速な適応の可能性を強調しています.
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