重症なCOVID-19の主要な遺伝的危険因子はネアンデルタール人から受け継がれている
Hugo Zeberg1,2, Svante Pääbo3,4
1Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. hugo.zeberg@ki.se.
Nature
|September 30, 2020
まとめ
ネアンデルタール人から受け継いだ特定の遺伝子領域は,重度のCOVID-19のアウトカムのリスクを高めます. この遺伝的危険因子は,南アジアと欧州の集団で多く見られ,SARS-CoV-2感染後に呼吸器不全に影響します.
科学分野:
- 遺伝学
- 免疫学
- 進化生物学
背景:
- 遺伝子関連の研究では,SARS-CoV-2感染後の呼吸不全に関連した染色体3の遺伝子群が特定されています.
- この染色体3の遺伝子クラスタは,重度のCOVID-19症状と入院の主要な遺伝的リスク因子であると確認されています.
研究 の 目的:
- COVID-19の重症度が増加した特定のゲノムセグメントを特定する.
- この遺伝的危険因子の進化的起源と集団の頻度を調査する.
主な方法:
- 大量のCOVID-19患者と対照群の遺伝子データを分析した.
- 原因となるゲノムセグメントを特定するために,染色体3のリスクロクスを精密にマッピングする.
- ネアンデルタール人のDNA配列と集団遺伝調査とのゲノムデータの比較
主要な成果:
- 重度のCOVID-19の遺伝的リスクは,約50キロベースのゲノムセグメントによって与えられます.
- このセグメントはネアンデルタール人の起源で 古代から継承されたものです
- ネアンデルタール人のDNAは 南アジア人の約50%と ヨーロッパ人の16%に存在します
結論:
- 古代ネアンデルタール人のDNAは,SARS-CoV-2に感染した現代人の深刻な結果に寄与しています.
- このネアンデルタール人のハプロタイプの流行は,特定の集団におけるCOVID-19の重症性に対する重大な影響を説明する.
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