核酸の構造と機能の熱可逆制御
Steve D Knutson1, Aimee A Sanford1, Colin S Swenson1
1Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|October 5, 2020
まとめ
グリオキサルの改変により,様々な核酸の可逆的な熱制御が可能になり,治療薬とバイオコンピューティングでの応用が可能です. この方法はPCRの特異性を高め,生細胞における遺伝子発現を制御します.
科学分野:
- 合成生物学
- 生物化学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- 核酸の構造と活性を制御することは,治療法,バイオセンシング,ナノテクノロジー,バイオコンピューティングの応用に不可欠です.
- 核酸を制御する既存の方法は,小分子または光刺激に限られており,熱による制御はほとんど未開発です.
- 現在の技術はしばしば天然の核酸に限定され,ポリメラーゼで生成された配列と互換性がない.
研究 の 目的:
- 核酸の構造と活性を熱で制御する方法を開発する.
- 既存の反応性核酸技術の限界に対処する.
- 核酸に可逆的な熱反応を与えるための汎用的なツールとしてグリオキサルの使用を調査する.
主な方法:
- 核塩基に共性的に結合する様々なDNAおよびRNA構造のグリオキサルの改変.
- 核酸の構造と機能に対するグリオキサルの改変の影響の特徴.
- 調節可能な熱活性回復のためのグリオキサルの誘導体除去運動の評価.
- RNAアプタマー,TNA,PNAスキャフォールド,CRISPR-Cas9システム,PCR,およびアンチセンセスのオリゴヌクレオチドにおけるグリオキサルのケージングの適用.
主要な成果:
- グリオキサルの改変は,様々な核酸の構造と活性を効果的に逆転させる.
- 調節可能な熱除去により,核酸機能の制御された回復が可能である.
- 酵素と核酸の相互作用,CRISPR- Cas9活性,PCR特異性,およびアンチセンセスのオリゴヌクレオチドによる遺伝子発現を制御する多用途性を示した.
- この方法は,ポリメラーゼで生成された配列を含む天然および合成核酸と互換性があります.
結論:
- グリオキサレーションは,ほぼすべての核酸構造に可逆的な熱応答性を与えるためのシンプルで傷跡のない方法です.
- このアプローチは,合成生物学におけるプログラム可能な核酸成分に対する重要なニーズに対応しています.
- 医学,ナノテクノロジー,バイオコンピューティングの応用には 多用途の新しいツールを提供します.
関連する概念動画
Covalently Linked Protein Regulators
8.3K
Proteins can undergo many types of post-translational modifications, often in response to changes in their environment. These modifications play an important role in the function and stability of these proteins. Covalently linked molecules include functional groups, such as methyl, acetyl, and phosphate groups, and also small proteins, such as ubiquitin. There are around 200 different types of covalent regulators that have been identified.
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
These groups modify specific amino acids in a protein....
8.3K
DNA Topoisomerases
34.0K
Topoisomerases are enzymes that relax overwound DNA molecules during various cell processes, including DNA replication and transcription. These enzymes regulate positive and negative DNA supercoiling without changing the nucleotide sequence. DNA overwinding in a clockwise direction results in positively supercoiled DNA, whereas underwinding in a counterclockwise direction produces negatively supercoiled DNA.
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
Types and Mechanism of action
Topoisomerases are divided into two main types. ...
34.0K
RNA Stability
35.2K
Intact DNA strands can be found in fossils, while scientists sometimes struggle to keep RNA intact under laboratory conditions. The structural variations between RNA and DNA underlie the differences in their stability and longevity. Because DNA is double-stranded, it is inherently more stable. The single-stranded structure of RNA is less stable but also more flexible and can form weak internal bonds. Additionally, most RNAs in the cell are relatively short, while DNA can be up to 250 million...
35.2K
Nucleic Acid Structure
8.1K
The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
DNA Structure
DNA...
8.1K
Diversity of Archaea III
227
Crenarchaeota, a prominent phylum of Archaea, is remarkable for its ability to thrive in extreme environments characterized by high temperatures and acidity. These microorganisms inhabit sulfuric hot springs, volcanic systems, and submarine hydrothermal vents, where temperatures often exceed 100°C. The unique adaptations of Crenarchaeota not only allow survival under such extreme conditions but also provide insights into the mechanisms of life in primordial Earth-like...
227
Cooperative Binding of Transcription Regulators
7.0K
Transcriptional regulators bind to specific cis-regulatory sequences in the DNA to regulate gene transcription. These cis-regulatory sequences are very short, usually less than ten nucleotide pairs in length. The short length means that there is a high probability of the exact same sequence randomly occurring throughout the genome. Since regulators can also bind to groups of similar sequences, this further increases the chances of random binding. Transcriptional regulators form...
7.0K


