生態系の回復を優先するグローバル地域

Bernardo B N Strassburg^1,2,3,4, Alvaro Iribarrem^5,6, Hawthorne L Beyer⁷

¹Rio Conservation and Sustainability Science Centre, Department of Geography and the Environment, Pontifical Catholic University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. b.strassburg@iis-rio.org.

Nature

|October 15, 2020

まとめ

生態系の回復は生物多様性や気候にとって極めて重要です回復を優先する地域を特定することで絶滅を防ぎ,二酸化炭素 (CO2) を大幅に吸収できます

科学分野:

エコロジー
環境科学
保護生物学

背景:

生態系の回復は生物多様性の保全と気候の安定化に不可欠です
回復のためのグローバルな目標はあるが,利益とコストを考慮する優先分野は特定されていない.

研究の目的:

生態系回復のためのグローバルな優先領域を特定するために,多基準の最適化アプローチを開発し,適用する.
これらの優先分野における修復に関連する利益とコストを推定する.

主な方法:

多基準の最適化アプローチが開発され,適用された.
分析はすべての陸生生物を対象に,回復の優先領域を特定しました.
利益 (生物多様性,炭素吸収) とコストを推定した.

主要な成果:

指定された優先領域の 15% の改造された土地を復元すれば,予想される絶滅の 60% を防ぐことができます.
産業革命後の大気汚染量の30%に相当する 299ギガトンの二酸化炭素を吸収できます
マルチクリテリアのアプローチを用いた空間配置の最適化により費用対効果は 13 倍まで向上します

結論:

生態系の回復は,地球規模の生物多様性と気候変動の課題に取り組むのに重要な貢献をします.
利益と費用対効果を最大化するために修復の領域を特定し優先順位を付けることが不可欠です
複数のバイオームにわたる修復目標の連携的な追求は,複数の利益を達成するために必要である.

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