GATOR-Rag GTPase経路は,リソソーム由来アミノ酸によるmTORC1の活性化を阻害する
Geoffrey G Hesketh1, Fotini Papazotos1, Judy Pawling1
1Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, Canada.
まとめ
異なるアミノ酸源によって活性化されます. GATOR-Rag経路とは独立してmTORC1を活性化させ,細胞成長の調節に関する新しい洞察を明らかにする.
科学分野:
- 細胞生物学
- 分子生物学
- 生物化学
背景:
- ラパミシン複合体1 (mTORC1) のメカニズム的標的は,細胞成長の重要なレギュラーであり,栄養素の可用性をアナボリックプロセスと統合する.
- mTORC1の活性化は,通常,GATOR-Rag GTPase経路を通じた十分な細胞外アミノ酸への反応として発生する.
- アミノ酸がmTORC1に分解するシグナリングは,まだ完全には解明されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- タンパク質分解から得られたアミノ酸がmTORC1を活性化するメカニズムを解明する.
- mTORC1の活性化のためのアミノ酸の供給における腫瘍性Ras誘発のマクロピノサイトーズの役割を調査する.
- この活性化経路が正規のGATOR-Rag GTPaseシグナル伝達に依存しているかどうかを判断する.
主な方法:
- 腫瘍性Ras発現の細胞培養モデルを用いてマクロピノサイトーシスを誘導した.
- mTORC1の活性を測定するために生化学的測定法を使用した.
- 遺伝子と薬理学的アプローチを用いてHOPS複合体とGATOR-Rag経路の構成要素の関与を調査した.
主要な成果:
- 腫瘍性Ras誘発マクロピノサイトーシスのアミノ酸がmTORC1を活性化する新しい経路を特定した.
- この活性化はGATOR-Rag GTPase経路とは独立していることが示されました.
- このmTORC1刺激にはHOPS複合体が不可欠であることが示された.
- GATOR-Rag GTPase経路によるこの経路の負の調節が明らかにされました.
結論:
- 異なるアミノ酸源は,mTORC1を別々の,しかし調整された信号経路で活性化します.
- 腫瘍性マクロピノサイトーシスは,mTORC1の活性化にRag GTPaseから独立した経路を提供する.
- これらの発見は,栄養素の可用性に対する反応として,末期内細胞器官におけるmTORC1の複雑な調節を強調しています.
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