ダウン 症候群 の 大人 の 医療: 臨床 ガイドライン
Amy Y Tsou1,2, Peter Bulova3, George Capone4,5
1Evidence-Based Practice Center, ECRI Center for Clinical Excellence and Guidelines, Plymouth Meeting, Pennsylvania.
JAMA
|October 20, 2020
まとめ
現在,ダウン症候群の成人のための臨床ガイドラインがあります. これらの根拠に基づいた勧告は,限られた研究にもかかわらず,医療の改善を目指しています. 早期認知症のスクリーニングは強く推奨されます.
科学分野:
- 遺伝と染色体異常
- 成人医療と初等医療
- クリニカル・プラクティスガイドラインの作成
背景:
- ダウン症候群 (DS) は最も一般的な染色体疾患で,寿命が著しく増加します.
- DS を 患う 大人は 独特 な 併発症 に 直面 し て い ます が,それ に 対し て 具体 的 な 治療 ガイドライン は 欠け て い ます.
- 現存する介護の慣行は DS の成人の特殊なニーズに 十分に対応していない.
研究 の 目的:
- ダウン症の成人のプライマリケアのための証拠に基づいた臨床実践ガイドラインを確立する.
- 現在の証拠と専門家のコンセンサスを 実行可能な勧告に統合する.
- 精神的健康,認知症,心血管疾患,代謝障害を含む重要な健康分野に取り組むこと
主な方法:
- 人口/介入/比較/結果 (PICO) に関する質問の作成
- 複数のデータベース (MEDLINE,EMBASE,PubMedなど) での包括的な文献検索 2000年から2020年まで
- GRADEの方法論とEvidence-to-Decisionの枠組みを専門家と患者代表による適用
主要な成果:
- 22件の研究から14件の勧告と4件の良好な実践の記述が策定された.
- アルツハイマー型認知症のスクリーニングは 40歳から始めることが強く推奨されています
- 心血管疾患,肥満,骨粗鬆症,糖尿病のスクリーニングに関する具体的なガイドラインで,早期またはより頻繁なスクリーニングが推奨されています.
- ほとんどの分野では,限られた高品質の証拠ベースが確認されています.
結論:
- これらのガイドラインは,ダウン症の成人のプライマリケアに不可欠なサポートを提供します.
- 推奨事項は,健康状態を改善し,ユニークな併発症を管理することを目的としています.
- 高い品質の証拠に 発見されたギャップは,DSのケアに関するさらなる研究が 緊急に必要であることを強調しています.
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