大腸に由来するO-グリコシル化粘液は,微生物群を封じ,調節する
Kirk Bergstrom1,2, Xindi Shan3, David Casero4
1Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA. lijun-xia@omrf.org kirk.bergstrom@ubc.ca.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 23, 2020
まとめ
大腸の粘液は2つの層に分けられ 微生物群が近隣の大腸コップレット細胞によって 封じ込めに影響を与えます このプロセスは腸内微生物の構造と宿主-粘液の相互作用を制御する.
科学分野:
- 胃腸学と微生物学
- 粘膜免疫学
- ホストと微生物の相互作用
背景:
- 大腸の粘液層は 腸内微生物と宿主組織を分離しますが その組織的原理と機能的調節は まだ十分に理解されていません
- ミューシン・グリコタンパク質,特にMuc2は,粘液バリアの重要な成分ですが,粘液構造の組織化と微生物群との相互作用におけるそれらの特定の役割は完全に解明されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 大腸粘液の構造的組織と宿主-微生物の共生に対するその機能的影響を調査する.
- 微生物群が粘液の生成と組成にどのように影響するかを決定する.
- ミクロバイオタと宿主の反応を調節するMuc2におけるO-グリカンの役割を明らかにする.
主な方法:
- 腸内粘液の産生に関するマウスモデル
- Muc2におけるO-グリコシル化パターンの分析
- 微生物の組成と機能の分析
- コロン粘膜のトランスクリプトミア分析
主要な成果:
- 大腸粘液は2つの異なるO-グリコシル化Muc2形態で構成され,主要な近接形態が微生物群を封じ込め,小さな遠隔形態がそれに付着する.
- 腸内微生物群は,近接結腸のコップレット細胞によってMuc2の産生を積極的に誘導し,それによって自身の封じ込みを誘導する.
- 近接結腸のMuc2Oグリカンは,微生物群の構造と機能を著しく調節し,結腸粘膜の遺伝子発現に影響を与えます.
結論:
- 近親結腸の粘液生成は宿主-微生物の共生において重要な規制メカニズムである.
- 腸内微生物群の影響を受けた 結腸粘液の独特な組織は 腸内ホメオスタシスの維持に 重要な役割を果たします
- Muc2 O- glycosylationをターゲットにすることは,腸内微生物群と宿主- 微生物の相互作用を調節するための潜在的な戦略です.
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