抗セルピンB9療法による直接的な腫瘍破壊と免疫療法
Liwei Jiang1, Yi-Jun Wang1, Jing Zhao1
1Transplantation Research Center, Renal Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Cell
|November 26, 2020
まとめ
セリンプロテアース阻害剤SerpinB9 (Sb9) は,がん細胞を直接殺し,抗腫瘍免疫を強化する. 腫瘍と宿主の両方のSb9欠乏を組み合わせると,がんの成長制御と生存を最大限に高めます.
科学分野:
- 腫瘍学
- 免疫学
- 分子生物学
背景:
- ガン治療は直接または免疫反応によって腫瘍を排除することを目的としており,組み合わせられたアプローチは異なる成功を収めている.
- セリンタンパク質酶阻害剤SerpinB9 (Sb9) は,腫瘍細胞の生存と腫瘍微環境 (TME) 内の免疫調節に作用する.
研究 の 目的:
- SerpinB9 (Sb9) の遺伝子消去が癌の増殖を抑制する治療の可能性を調査する.
- Sb9欠乏が直接腫瘍を殺し,宿主の抗腫瘍免疫に及ぼす効果を研究する.
主な方法:
- 癌のマウスモデルにおけるSerpinB9 (Sb9) の遺伝的消去
- TME内の腫瘍細胞死亡,T細胞媒介免疫,免疫抑制細胞集団の評価.
- Sb9 抑制の腫瘍成長,生存率,治療効果の評価
主要な成果:
- Sb9欠乏症は,グラン酵素B (GrB) に依存した腫瘍細胞死を引き起こした.
- Sb9欠乏したマウスはT細胞ベースの抗腫瘍免疫を強めた.
- Sb9欠乏したマウスのTMEでは,GrB発現する免疫抑制細胞の減少が観察された.
- 腫瘍と宿主の両方がSb9欠乏していた場合,最大腫瘍成長制御と生存率の増加が達成されました.
結論:
- SerpinB9 (Sb9) をターゲットにすることで,直接腫瘍を殺すことと抗腫瘍免疫の強化を組み合わせることで,癌に対する新しい治療戦略が提供されます.
- Sb9抑制は,TMEを妨害し,免疫療法の有効性を高める有望な方法である.
関連する概念動画
01:27Tumor Immunotherapy
908
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
908
02:57Targeted Cancer Therapies
8.2K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
8.2K
02:50Combination Therapies and Personalized Medicine
5.6K
Combining two or more treatment methods increases the life span of cancer patients while reducing damage to vital organs or tissue from the overuse of a single treatment. Combination therapy also targets different cancer-inducing pathways, thus reducing the chances of developing resistance to treatment.
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
The combination of the drug acetazolamide and sulforaphane is a good example of combination therapy to treat cancer. The cells in the interior of a large tumor often die due to the hypoxic and...
5.6K
02:49Cancer Therapies
9.3K
Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
9.3K