転写因子による卵細胞転写ネットワークの復元
Nobuhiko Hamazaki1, Hirohisa Kyogoku2, Hiromitsu Araki3
1Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. hamazaki@hgs.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp.
Nature
|December 17, 2020
まとめ
研究者は卵細胞の成長を促す 8つの重要な転写因子を特定しました これらの要因は幹細胞を 卵細胞のような細胞に変換し 生殖生物学と医学に 新たな可能性をもたらします
科学分野:
- 発達生物学
- 細胞生物学
- 生殖医学
背景:
- 卵細胞は 女性の生殖に不可欠な 特殊な細胞で 重要な母性因子を蓄積します
- 卵細胞の成長は,原始から原始の卵泡への移行で始まり,複雑な遺伝子発現の変化が含まれます.
- 卵細胞の成長を制御する正確な遺伝子規制ネットワークは,ほとんど特徴づけられていない.
研究 の 目的:
- 卵細胞の成長を誘発し,制御する主要な転写因子を特定する.
- 多能幹細胞から卵細胞のような細胞を生成するこれらの因子の可能性を調査する.
- 卵細胞の成長と 遺伝的再プログラムと 胚細胞の特異性との関係を調べる
主な方法:
- 卵細胞の発達中の遺伝子発現分析
- マウスの卵細胞開発システムを用いた転写因子の機能的スクリーニング.
- 多能幹細胞における特定された転写因子の強制発現.
主要な成果:
- 8つの重要な転写因子は,原始の卵泡から原始の卵泡への移行のために特定されました.
- これらの因子の強制的な発現は 多能幹細胞から 卵細胞のような細胞を急速に生み出しました
- これらの誘導された卵細胞のような細胞は受精し,その後分裂することができました.
- 卵細胞の成長とDNAメチル化が,原始生殖細胞の表遺伝的再プログラムから分離可能であることが示された.
結論:
- 転写因子のコアセットは卵細胞の成長を指揮することができます.
- この発見により 卵細胞のような細胞を 生成する新しい方法が生まれ 生殖生物学と医学において 価値ある資源となるのです
- この発見は,卵細胞の成長と生殖細胞の仕様と,最初の表遺伝的再プログラミングを切り離している.
関連する概念動画
Methods of Nuclear Reprogramming
2.0K
Nuclear reprogramming is a process of transforming one cell type into an unrelated cell type by epigenetic changes that alter the cell’s original gene expression pattern. Such epigenetic changes force cells to express a different set of genes, which play a significant role in inducing transformation into other cell types. Nuclear reprogramming offers applications in reproductive cloning for livestock propagation and regenerative medicine — developing patient-specific cells for...
2.0K
Somatic to iPS Cell Reprogramming
2.4K
Reprogramming alters the gene expression in somatic cells, transforming them into induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells over several generations. Scientists can reprogram cells by introducing genes for four transcription factors—Oct4, Sox2, Klf4, and c-Myc (OSKM) by viral or non-viral methods. These factors are also known as Yamanaka factors after Shinya Yamanaka, who first generated iPS cells using mouse skin cells. Yamanaka was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2012...
2.4K
Combinatorial Gene Control
9.0K
Combinatorial gene control is the synergistic action of several transcriptional factors to regulate the expression of a single gene. The absence of one or more of these factors may lead to a significant difference in the level of gene expression or repression.
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
The expression of more than 30,000 genes is controlled by approximately 2000-3000 transcription factors. This is possible because a single transcription factor can recognize more than one regulatory sequence. The specificity in gene...
9.0K
Transcription Factors
81.1K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
81.1K
RNA Polymerase II Accessory Proteins
10.3K
Proteins that regulate transcription can do so either via direct contact with RNA Polymerase or through indirect interactions facilitated by adaptors, mediators, histone-modifying proteins, and nucleosome remodelers. Direct interactions to activate transcription is seen in bacteria as well as in some eukaryotic genes. In these cases, upstream activation sequences are adjacent to the promoters, and the activator proteins interact directly with the transcriptional machinery. For example, in...
10.3K
General Transcription Factors
6.3K
Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
6.3K


