病院の利用は,事前有料の介護のランダム化試験における病院の利用である
A L Siu1, A Leibowitz, R H Brook
1Health Sciences Program, Rand Corporation, Santa Monica, Calif. 90406-2138.
JAMA
|March 4, 1988
まとめ
健康維持機関 (HMO) は,選択的に裁量手続きを回避することによって,入院数を削減します. この研究では,健康への悪影響のないHMOにおける任意の手術と入院の割合が低いことが判明し,ターゲットに絞ったコスト削減を示しています.
科学分野:
- 医療サービス 研究 医療サービス
- ヘルスケア・マネジメント・ヘルスケア・マネジメント
- 比較効果の比較について
背景:
- ヘルスメンテナンス・オーガニゼーション (HMO) は,主に病院入院率を削減することで,コストを削減することが知られている.
- これらの節約は,不必要な入院を選択的に回避することによって達成されるかどうかは不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- フリー・フォー・サービス (FFS) 介護と比較して,HMOが選択的に任意の入院を減らすかどうかを調査する.
- 異なる入院率が患者の健康状態に与える影響を評価する.
主な方法:
- ランダム化試験では,家族をHMOまたはFFSのケアに割り当てました.
- 医療制度に目を瞑った医師は,244件の医療記録を調査した.
- 病院での入院の適切さや,入院のための医学的徴候が評価されました.
主要な成果:
- 任意の手術の割合は,HMOグループでは著しく低かった.
- 任意の医療入院と非任意の医療入院の割合は,HMOで低かった.
- 非選択的外科手術の割合は,HMOとFFSシステムの間で同等であった.
結論:
- HMOは,選択的な処置,特に手術を選択的に回避することによって,より低い入院率を達成します.
- 非選択的入院が減少したにもかかわらず,有害な健康効果は観察されず,効果的な外来介護の置換または健康への影響が最小であることを示唆しています.
- HMOのコスト削減は均一ではありませんが,特定の,回避可能な入院をターゲットにしています.
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