クローン 病 の 治療: レビュー
Kelly Cushing1, Peter D R Higgins1
1Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
JAMA
|January 5, 2021
まとめ
効果的なクローン病管理には 個別的な治療計画が必要です ステロイドや生物学的薬や 炎症をコントロールし 合併症を予防する手術などの リスクと利益のバランスを取ります 患者の好みとリスクの階層化は最適な結果の鍵です.
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科
- 免疫学
- 薬理学について
背景:
- クローン病 (Crohn disease,CD) は慢性的な胃腸炎症であり,世界的に増加しています.
- CDの制御されていない炎症は,狭窄,,腫瘍などの重篤な合併症につながる可能性があります.
- 早期に効果的に炎症をコントロールすることは クローン病の管理と長期的後遺症の予防に不可欠です.
研究 の 目的:
- クローン病の最適な管理方法を概説する.
- クローン病における 個別化された治療決定の重要性を強調する.
- 現在の治療方法とそれに関連するリスクと利益を見直す.
主な方法:
- 管理は患者のリスクの階層化,好み,および臨床的要因を統合します.
- 症状緩和のための第一線療法には,抗腫瘍死滅因子α薬と共にコルチコステロイドが含まれます.
- 治療の選択肢には,モノクローナル抗体 (抗IL-12/23,抗インテグリンα4β7),免疫調節剤,併用療法,手術が含まれています.
主要な成果:
- 炎症を効果的に制御することで,手術を必要とする 突入的な合併症のリスクを減らすことができます.
- 治療的な有害事象には,抗体形成,輸液反応,感染症,および潜在的な癌が含まれます.
- コルチコステロイドの使用とクローン病自体は,骨粗鬆症に関連しています. 免疫抑制の患者では,生体ワクチン接種は禁忌です.
結論:
- クローン病の治療は,疾患の重症度,リスクの階層化,患者の好み,および臨床的要因に基づいて調整されます.
- 治療の選択肢にはステロイド,モノクローン抗体,免疫調節剤,手術が含まれます.
- 医師 は 患者 に 効果 的 な 助言 を 与える ため に,各 治療 の 利点 と 欠点 を 理解 し なけれ ば なり ませ ん.
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