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Updated: Nov 23, 2025

Determination of the Photoisomerization Quantum Yield of a Hydrazone Photoswitch
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Determination of the Photoisomerization Quantum Yield of a Hydrazone Photoswitch

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移行金属硫化物および関連複合物の光トリガーによる異体化に関する将来の展望

Sebastian B Vittardi1, Rajani Thapa Magar1, Douglas J Breen1

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, 300 Terrace Street NE, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-001 United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|January 5, 2021
PubMed
まとめ

光で活性化された光色分子,特にルテニウムとオスミウム硫化物複合体は,効率的な異体化を経験する. この研究は 移行金属化学の設計と将来の方向性を探求します

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Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The absorption of UV–visible light by conjugated systems causes the promotion of an electron from the ground state to the excited state. Consequently, photochemical electrocyclic reactions proceed via the excited-state HOMO rather than the ground-state HOMO. Since the ground- and excited-state HOMOs have different symmetries, the stereochemical outcome of electrocyclic reactions depends on the mode of activation; i.e., thermal or photochemical.
Selection Rules: Photochemical Activation
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Some cycloaddition reactions are activated by heat, while others are initiated by light. For example, a [2 + 2] cycloaddition between two ethylene molecules occurs only in the presence of light. It is photochemically allowed but thermally forbidden.
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Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
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Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
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