ユカリオット核の起源は,rRNA配列の速度不変分析によって決定される
1Department of Biology, University of California, Los Angeles 90024.
Nature
|January 14, 1988
まとめ
ユカリオット核は,古代の熱好き細胞であるエオサイトから進化した可能性が高い. この発見は,生命の初期段階を再定義する.
科学分野:
- 進化生物学の進化生物学について
- ゲノミクスゲノミクスとは
- 天体生物学 アストロバイオロジー
背景:
- ユカリオット核の起源は,進化生物学における重要な課題である.
- クロロプラストやミトコンドリアのようなユーカリオット有機体は,ユーバクテリアのエンドシンビオントとして知られていますが,核遺伝子の祖先は,ニュクレオチド置換により不明です.
研究 の 目的:
- ユカリオットのリボソーマルrRNA遺伝子の進化史を再構築する.
- ユカリオットの起源を含む初期の生命形態の間の深い系統遺伝的関係を調査する.
主な方法:
- 進化的節約を活用し,新しい速度不変樹木化アルゴリズムを使用しました.
- 進化の経路を推論するために,真核リボソームのrRNA遺伝子配列を分析した.
主要な成果:
- ユーカリオットのリボソーム性rRNA遺伝子は,熱愛性,硫黄を代謝する,核のない細胞のグループであるエオサイトから進化したことが示されました.
- 深い系統遺伝的分裂が特定され,原核生物群 (カリオット) と細菌群 (パルカリオット) を分離した.
- 再構築された木は,従来のプロカリオット-ユーカリオットまたはアーカイバクテリア-ユーバクテリア-ユーカリオットグループと矛盾しています.
結論:
- この発見は,現存する生命の最後の共通の祖先と初期の真核生物には,核が欠けていたことを示唆している.
- ユカリオットの祖先を含む初期の生命体は,熱好きで,硫黄を代謝し,高温環境で生きた可能性がある.
関連する概念動画
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Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
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Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
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Additional Subnuclear Structures
The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals.
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles, paraspeckles, etc. These nuclear...
The Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
The Nucleolus
The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
The Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that acts as a control center in a eukaryotic cell. It contains chromosomal DNA, which controls gene expression and precisely regulates the production of proteins within the cell. In contrast, the DNA inside the mitochondria and chloroplast only carries out functions that are specific to those organelles.
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...
Arrangement of DNA within Nucleus
The regulation of gene expression inside the nucleus is dependent on many factors, including the DNA structure. The...


