ハプロイドバイアス遺伝子発現が広範囲に広がることで,精子レベルでの自然選択が可能である

Kunal Bhutani¹, Katherine Stansifer¹, Simina Ticau¹

¹Ohana Biosciences, Cambridge, MA, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|January 15, 2021

まとめ

精子は遺伝子を共有し,均等に受け継がれるが,遺伝情報マーカー (GIM) と呼ばれる遺伝子は完全に共有されない. これらのGIMは不均等に広がり哺乳類の遺伝パターンに影響を与えます

科学分野:

遺伝学
生殖生物学
進化生物学

背景:

精子はハプロイド細胞で,等しいアレル分布のために機能的同等性が求められます.
遺伝子製品は通常,精子のシトプラズマブリッジを通じて共有され,精子フェノタイプを均等にする.
遺伝物質の不平等な配分はメンデルの遺伝を乱す可能性があります

研究の目的:

哺乳類の精子細胞橋の間の遺伝子産物の共有パターンを調査する.
完全に共有されていない遺伝子を特定し行動を特徴づけるのです
精子における不平等な遺伝子共有の進化的意味を探るためだ

主な方法:

哺乳類の精子における遺伝子産物分布の分析
遺伝子情報マーカー (GIM) の識別と分類
マウリン,ボウイン,ヒトの集団におけるGIMのアレル拡散を評価するための集団遺伝学分析.

主要な成果:

重要な哺乳類の遺伝子は,精子細胞のブリッジに完全に共有されていません.
これらの"遺伝子情報マーカー" (GIM) のサブセットは,利己的な遺伝子要素として機能し,不均等なアレル伝播を促進します.
GIMは,精子特異的発現,パラログ,およびアイソフォームのために強化され,精子-体機能の衝突に関連する進化的圧力を示唆しています.

結論:

遺伝情報マーカー (GIM) は,遺伝に関する意味を持つ新種の遺伝子を表しています.
GIMに作用する精子レベルの選択は,丸で観察されたユニークな遺伝子発現パターンを説明する可能性があります.
GIMの発見は生殖システムと遺伝子の伝播の進化について新たな洞察をもたらします

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