感染 は 宿主 に 病原体 に 対する 微生物 群 の 強化 さ れ た 抵抗 力 を 訓練 する
Apollo Stacy1, Vinicius Andrade-Oliveira2, John A McCulloch3
1Metaorganism Immunity Section, Laboratory of Host Immunity and Microbiome, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; NIAID Microbiome Program, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; Postdoctoral Research Associate Training Program, National Institute of General Medical Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Cell
|January 16, 2021
まとめ
過去の感染症は 胆酸代謝を変化させ 保護性硫化物の生成を高める タウリンを増加させることで 腸内微生物群を訓練します この宿主-微生物のコミュニケーションは 植民抵抗性を高めます
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- 免疫学
- メタボロミクス
背景:
- 腸内微生物群は 病原体に対するコロニー化抵抗性を提供します
- 前回の感染が微生物媒介による耐性への影響は十分に理解されていません.
研究 の 目的:
- 感染が腸内微生物群を どう変形させるかを調べるため
- 微生物群が後の感染に対する耐性を高めるメカニズムを特定する.
主な方法:
- 以前感染した宿主と未感染者の腸内微生物の比較分析
- メタボロミック・プロファイリング 胆酸の変化を中心に
- タウリン補給と硫化物調節による in vivo 実験
- 病原体のコロニー化と宿主防御の評価
主要な成果:
- 以前感染した宿主には 腸内微生物群が感染抵抗性を高めています
- この増強した抵抗性は,胆酸代謝の変化とタウリン利用細菌の増殖に関連しています.
- 外因的なタウリン投与だけでは,この機能的変化と抵抗性を再現します.
- タウリンは微生物から生じる硫化物の生成を促進し,病原体の呼吸と侵入を抑制する.
結論:
- 感染によって 腸内微生物の 再構成が起こります
- タウリンは重要な栄養信号として働き 微生物群に栄養を与え 防御機能を強化します
- この宿主-微生物の相互作用は,タウリンと硫化物によって媒介され,その後の感染に対する植民地化抵抗性を改善するために微生物群を準備します.
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