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関連する概念動画

Decision Making01:20

Decision Making

441
Decision-making is a fundamental cognitive process that involves evaluating alternatives and selecting among them. This process can range from simple choices, such as deciding what to wear, to complex decisions, like choosing a major in college or a career path. The complexity of the decision often dictates the approach we use, which can be broadly categorized into two types: automatic and controlled decision-making.
Automatic decision-making is fast, intuitive, and relies on gut feelings...
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Decision Making: P-value Method01:09

Decision Making: P-value Method

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The process of hypothesis testing based on the P-value method includes calculating the P- value using the sample data and interpreting it.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is proposed. The claim is based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to the claim  is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses:  a null hypothesis would be a neutral statement while the alternative hypothesis can...
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Decision Making: Traditional Method01:14

Decision Making: Traditional Method

4.8K
The process of hypothesis testing based on the traditional method includes calculating the critical value, testing the value of the test statistic using the sample data, and interpreting these values.
First, a specific claim about the population parameter is decided based on the research question and is stated in a simple form. Further, an opposing statement to this claim is also stated. These statements can act as null and alternative hypotheses, out of which a null hypothesis would be a...
4.8K
Statically Indeterminate Problem Solving01:16

Statically Indeterminate Problem Solving

582
Statically indeterminate problems are those where statics alone can not determine the internal forces or reactions. Consider a structure comprising two cylindrical rods made of steel and brass. These rods are joined at point B and restrained by rigid supports at points A and C. Now, the reactions at points A and C and the deflection at point B are to be determined. This rod structure is classified as statically indeterminate as the structure has more supports than are necessary for maintaining...
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Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

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Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
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Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:07

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

240
Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
240

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決定状態をリアルタイムで解読し,混乱させる

Diogo Peixoto1,2,3, Jessica R Verhein4,5,6, Roozbeh Kiani7

  • 1Neurobiology Department, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. dpeixoto@stanford.edu.

Nature
|January 21, 2021
PubMed
まとめ

マカクの神経活動変動 (DV) は 選択をリアルタイムで予測し 意思決定の過程や 心の変化に関する新しい洞察を 提供します

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A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
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The Adventures of Fundi Intervention Based on the Cognitive and Emotional Processing in Attention Deficit Hyperactive Disorder Patients
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科学分野:

  • 神経科学
  • 認知科学
  • 意思決定

背景:

  • 被験者は複数の信号サンプルを統合して 断定的な判断をします
  • 神経活動による決定変数 (DV) は選択を予測しますが,試験内の変動は十分に理解されていません.

研究 の 目的:

  • 試験内の決定変数の変動の行動的意義を調査する.
  • リアルタイムで 神経活動,意思決定状態,行動選択の関係を調べます

主な方法:

  • マカクの刺激期間に関するリアルタイム神経フィードバック制御を活用した.
  • 運動皮質のニューラル集団の活動から決定変数を解読した.
  • 弱刺激パルスを適用し,単一の試験の決定ダイナミクスを探しました.

主要な成果:

  • 運動皮質からの試験内DVの変動は 行動選択を強く予測しました
  • DVの変動は,条件平均のDVまたは視覚刺激のみよりも予測的でした.
  • DVの観測された変化は,行動的な"心の変化"と一致する.

結論:

  • ダイナミックな環境における意思決定を予測する上で, 試験内の神経の変動は極めて重要です.
  • 意思決定モデルを区別して,時間的に変化する意思決定の限界を示した.
  • 単一裁判の意思決定のダイナミクスを探すための新しい方法を提供します.