ジュラ紀中期のハラミイダンのモノトレムのような聴覚器
Junyou Wang1,2, John R Wible3,4, Bin Guo2
1Centre for Vertebrate Evolutionary Biology, Institute of Palaeontology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China.
Nature
|January 28, 2021
まとめ
Vilevolodon diplomylosの化石は,哺乳類の聴覚の進化における重要な移行形態である,重複するインキュドマレアル関節を明らかにしています. この古代の構造は 聴覚骨が 噛みと聴覚の機能から 聴覚の役割へと 進化した様子を明らかにしています
科学分野:
- 古生物学
- 進化生物学
- 脊椎動物の解剖学
背景:
- 哺乳類には高度な聴覚のための3つの聴覚骨 (マレウス,インカス,ステープス) がある.
- 初期の哺乳類の親類は 噛みつくためにも 聞くためにも 同種の骨を使いました
- 哺乳類の進化において 聴覚機能のみへの移行は複数回起こりました
研究 の 目的:
- 哺乳類の聴覚骨機能の進化的移行を調査する.
- ジュラ紀中期の哺乳類 ヴィレヴォロドン・ディプロミロスの形状を分析する
- 骨の進化における 骨関節の役割を理解する
主な方法:
- 保存状態の良い頭蓋骨と頭蓋骨の分析 ビレヴォロドン・ディプロミロス
- ヴィレヴォロドンと中世および現存する哺乳類の比較形態.
- インキュドマレア関節とエクトートンパニック骨の検査
主要な成果:
- Vilevolodon diplomylosは,マレウス,インカス,エクトティムパニックの優れた保存を示しています.
- ビレヴォロドンでは 関節が重なり合っていることが確認された.
- この関節は,他の中生期の哺乳類,現存するモノトリーム,および袋類および胎盤類の初期のオントゲニーにも存在します.
結論:
- 交互に重なり合うインキュドマレア関節は移行形態である.
- この形状は,二重から単一骨の機能への移行の間に複数の哺乳類群で進化した.
- ビレヴォロドンは哺乳類の聴覚の 進化の経路に関する重要な証拠を 提供しています
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