バクテリアの活性物質における時空秩序の粘着弾性制御
Song Liu1, Suraj Shankar2,3,4, M Cristina Marchetti5
1Department of Physics and Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P. R. China.
Nature
|February 4, 2021
まとめ
研究者らは 細菌の活性物質の自己組織化を 流体粘着性を変化させることで制御した. これは調整可能な振動する渦を作り 活性物質の流れを制御し ソフトロボットのアプリケーションを開発する 新しい方法を提供しました
科学分野:
- 活性物質物理学
- ソフトロボティクス
- 微生物学
背景:
- バクテリアを含む活性物質系は,複雑な自己組織化を示し,しばしば空間的秩序や時間的同期を示します.
- 活発な物質の空間と時間の両方の組織を同時に制御するには,典型的には複雑な相互作用またはエンジニアリングされたシステムが必要です.
- 活性物質のダイナミクスを理解し制御することは 生物学的システムからソフトロボティクスまでのアプリケーションにとって不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- バクテリアの活性物質の空間的および時間的自己組織を同時に制御するための単純な技術を開発する.
- バクテリアサスペンションの集団的行動に流体粘着性の影響を調査する.
- 活性物質の流れを誘導するレオロジック特性を利用するための新しい方法を示す.
主な方法:
- エシェリキア・コライ (バクテリアの一種) の密集した溶液.
- 精製したゲノムDNAを加えて 液体粘着性を操作した
- 行動を分析するために 実験的観測を活性物質モデルと組み合わせた
主要な成果:
- 空間と時間の自己組織を 同時に達成し ミリメートルスケールで回転する渦のように現れます
- 周期的な振動が観測される. 周波数が調節可能で, 扭転振り子に似ています.
- 渦のダイナミクスを,アクティブフォースと粘着弾性ストレスのリラックスによる相互作用で説明しました.
結論:
- 単一のマクロスコーピックパラメータ (流体粘着性) が複雑な活性物質の自己組織化を制御できることを実証した.
- この発見は,健康と生態学的関連性を持つ複雑な液体における細菌の行動に関する洞察を提供します.
- 調節可能で自己振動する細菌の渦は ソフトロボットやマイクロ流体装置の"時計発電機"として考えられます
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