SARS-CoV-2 感染症は,EIDD-2801 によって効果的に治療および予防されます
Angela Wahl1,2,3, Lisa E Gralinski4, Claire E Johnson1,2,3
1International Center for the Advancement of Translational Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Nature
|February 9, 2021
まとめ
蝙蝠はヒトに直接感染できるコロナウイルスを宿している. ヒトの肺組織を用いた新しいマウスモデルは,SARS-CoV-2を効率的に複製し,抗ウイルスEIDD-2801を示しています.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学
- 感染症
- 免疫学
背景:
- SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,SARS-CoV-2を含むコロナウイルスは,しばしばコウモリから発生する.
- 蝙蝠は,パンデミックの可能性のある多様なコロナウイルスを宿している.
研究 の 目的:
- ヒトの肺組織におけるコロナウイルスの複製を研究するための実験プラットフォームを確立する.
- コロナウイルスのバットから人間への感染の可能性を調査する.
- COVID-19の治療戦略を評価する.
主な方法:
- ヒトの肺組織 (ヒトの肺のみのマウス,LoM) を移植した免疫不全マウスを利用した.
- SARS-CoV,MERS-CoV,SARS-CoV-2およびバット由来のSARSのようなコロナウイルスに感染したLoM.
- ヒトの肺組織におけるウイルスの複製,サイトパシー効果,宿主免疫反応を分析した.
- SARS-CoV-2感染の治療および予防のためのEIDD-2801の有効性を評価した.
主要な成果:
- LoMモデルは,宿主またはウイルスの適応なしに,複数のヒトおよびコウモリコロナウイルスのインビボ複製を効率的に実証した.
- SARS-CoV-2は主にヒトの肺上皮細胞に感染し,その中には2型肺細胞と毛細血管細胞が含まれています.
- 感染は重要なサイトパシー効果と強いタイプIインターフェロンおよび炎症反応を引き起こした.
- EIDD-2801の投与は,体内でSARS-CoV-2の複製を著しく抑制した.
結論:
- 蝙蝠は内生的なコロナウイルスを持ち,ヒトに直接感染することができます.
- LoMモデルは,新興コロナウイルスによるヒトの肺感染症を研究するための貴重なプラットフォームです.
- EIDD-2801は,COVID-19の予防と治療に重要な可能性を示しています.
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