COVID-19 ワクチンへの世界的なアクセス確保における課題:生産,手頃な価格,配分,配備
Olivier J Wouters1, Kenneth C Shadlen2, Maximilian Salcher-Konrad1
1Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 15, 2021
まとめ
世界的なワクチン接種は,COVID-19の流行を終わらせるために極めて重要です. この研究では,ワクチン候補を分析し,生産,価格設定,そして公平なアクセスと群体免疫のための配布における課題を特定しています.
科学分野:
- 公衆衛生
- ワクチン学
- 健康政策
背景:
- COVID-19 パンデミックは,集団免疫を制御するために,世界的なワクチンの展開を必要としています.
- ワクチンは承認されていますが,大規模生産,手頃な価格,世界的な配給,地域社会での配備は依然として課題です.
研究 の 目的:
- 世界的なCOVID-19ワクチンの成功に伴う課題を検討する.
- 26の主要なワクチン候補の重要な特徴を分析する.
- ワクチンの受け入れの可能性を様々な国で評価する.
主な方法:
- ワクチンの有効性,投与量,貯蔵量,価格,生産能力,低所得国の配分に基づいて26のワクチン候補を評価するためのダッシュボードを開発しました.
- 世界的な免疫へのワクチンの貢献を 信号するために 交通信号システムを利用しました
- COVID-19ワクチンの受け入れに関する32カ国の調査 (n=26,758) を実施 (2020年10月~12月).
主要な成果:
- ダッシュボードは,ワクチン選択とプログラムの実施における政策立案者のトレードオフを強調しています.
- ワクチンの受け入れ率は国によって大きく異なり,ベトナム (98%) とインド (91%) で最も高く,セルビア (38%) とクロアチア (41%) で最も低い.
結論:
- ワクチンの生産,公平な配給,配備における課題に対処することは,世界的なCOVID-19管理に不可欠です.
- ワクチン接種プログラムが成功するためには,国別でのワクチン接種の理解が不可欠です.
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