低所得国や中所得国の肺の健康改善:課題から解決策へ
Jamilah Meghji1, Kevin Mortimer2, Alvar Agusti3
1Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|February 25, 2021
まとめ
慢性呼吸器疾患 (CRD) は,低所得国と中所得国 (LMIC) に不釣り合いな影響を及ぼし,健康と経済的結果を悪化させています. 世界的な健康目標と普遍的な健康保険の達成には,CRDに取り組むことが不可欠です.
科学分野:
- 世界保健
- 呼吸器薬
- 公衆衛生政策
背景:
- 慢性呼吸器疾患 (CRD) は,特に低所得国および中所得国 (LMIC) で,世界的な健康上の大きな負担となっています.
- CRDは貧困,伝染病,非伝染病と密接に関連しており,複合的な多発性につながる.
- CRDの影響は,寿命の伸びと病気の重荷の移転により増加すると予測されています.
研究 の 目的:
- LMICにおける CRD の現在の状況を見直す.
- 低所得国におけるCRDの予防,診断,管理における課題を強調する.
- ユニバーサル・ヘルス・カバーを実現するための潜在的な解決策を探求する.
主な方法:
- これは,LMICにおけるCRDに関する既存の研究とデータを統合したレビュー記事です.
- このレビューは,CRDの初期の起源と社会経済的な決定要因を調査しています.
- 現在の医療制度の課題を分析し,改善の道を提案しています.
主要な成果:
- LMICは,CRDの罹患率と死亡率の不釣り合いの高い負担を負っています.
- 貧困と併存する感染症と非伝染性疾患は CRDの影響を悪化させる.
- LMICでは効果的な予防,診断,管理戦略が欠けていることが多い.
結論:
- CRDは,LMICの健康と社会経済福祉に重大な脅威をもたらしています.
- 持続可能な開発目標と普遍的な健康保険の達成には,CRDに取り組むことが不可欠です.
- 早期発症に焦点を当てた統合的アプローチと 強化された医療制度が必要である.
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