刺激 腸 症候群 の 診断 と 治療 ― 概要
1Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research (CENTER), Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota.
JAMA
|March 2, 2021
まとめ
刺激性腸症候群 (IBS) は 何百万人にも 影響し,症状によって診断されます. 先進的な診断は 初期治療に反応しない人の治療を 改善することができます
科学分野:
- 胃腸内科
- 内科 医学
- 機能的胃腸疾患
背景:
- 刺激性腸症候群 (IBS) は,米国で流行している胃腸疾患で,人口の7〜16%に影響を与え,年間10億ドルを超える直接的なコストを伴う.
- IBSの伝統的な診断は 腹,便秘,痛み,または膨胀などの症状の群集を特定することに 依存しています
- これらの機能不全は,従来の第一線治療に反応しない患者のさらなる評価を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- 刺激性腸症候群 (IBS) の診断基準を,主たる症状に焦点を当てて,警報信号を除外する.
- 初期治療に反応しない患者の特定の機能障害を特定することによって,IBSの管理を強化する.
- IBSの症状のスペクトルのための高度な診断と治療戦略を探求する.
主な方法:
- 検証研究では,コンセンサス基準に欠陥があり,警告症状を除外しながら,腹痛,腸機能不全,膨胀に焦点を当てたより単純なアプローチを好みました.
- 診断の強化には,体形/心理障害の詳細な病歴,身体検査,および有機疾患を排除するためのスクリーニング検査 (血球,C反応性タンパク質) が含まれます.
- 初期管理には,患者の教育,安心,および第一線治療 (繊維,薬,抗薬,抗下痢薬) が含まれます.耐性症例では,特定の機能障害の検査が必要になります.
主要な成果:
- 症状に基づいたIBSの診断は,主要な症状に焦点を当てて,アラームの特徴を除外することで改善できます.
- IBSの第一線治療には ライフスタイルの変更や 特定の症状を標的とした薬が含まれます
- IBS患者の少数派は,直腸排泄障害,異常な結腸通過,または胆酸性下痢などの特定の機能障害のためにさらなる調査を必要とします.
結論:
- IBSスペクトル内の特定の機能障害を特定する進歩は,診断と症状管理の改善の可能性を提供します.
- 特定の機能障害に対する個別化された治療アプローチは,証拠は限られているが,標準的なIBS治療に反応しない人に利益をもたらす可能性があります.
- 診断能力の向上により 大半のIBS患者にとって 標的を絞り,効果的な治療戦略が 実現できるのです
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