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フィルタリング・フェイスピース呼吸器 (N95呼吸器) 再処理:体系的なレビュー
Max A Schumm1, Joseph E Hadaya1, Nisha Mody2
1Department of Surgery, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California.
JAMA
|March 3, 2021
まとめ
N95のようなフィルタリングフェイスピース呼吸器 (FFR) の再処理は極めて重要です. 紫外線による殺菌放射線と蒸発された過酸化水素は,N95呼吸器を最小限に傷つける効果的な殺菌方法です.
科学分野:
- ヘルスケア
- 感染症対策
- 生物医学工学
背景:
- COVID-19 パンデミックにより,個人用保護具 (PPE),特にフィルタリング用顔面呼吸器 (FFR) の深刻な不足が発生しました.
- 病院は,十分な供給を確保するために,N95呼吸器のようなFFRを再処理するための効果的な方法を必要とします.
研究 の 目的:
- N95呼吸器の様々な浄化プロセスの有効性と実行可能性に関する証拠を体系的に検討し評価する.
- 病原体除去,フィルタリング効率,顔のフィット,ユーザーの安全性,処理能力に基づいて異なる汚染除去方法を比較する.
主な方法:
- 2021年1月31日までのPubMedとEMBASEの包括的な文献検索が行われました.
- 5つの浄化過程が調査された. 紫外線照射,蒸発された過酸化水素,湿熱インキュベーション,マイクロ波で生成された蒸気,エチレン酸化物.
- データ抽象は,プロセス特異性,病原体不活性化,呼吸器の完全性に焦点を当てました.
主要な成果:
- 42の実験室での研究では,65種類のN95呼吸器が評価されました. 紫外線照射 (1−2 J/cm2) と蒸発した過酸化水素は,呼吸器の有意な劣化なしに病原体除去に高い有効性を示した.
- 湿った熱とマイクロ波で生成された蒸気も,効果的な病原体減少と濾過性能の維持を示しましたが,いくつかの研究では呼吸器の損傷の可能性が指摘されました.
- エチレン酸化物は呼吸器の成分を保存したが,発がん性副産物に関する懸念を提起した.
結論:
- 紫外線による細菌滅菌放射線,蒸発した過酸化水素,湿った熱,マイクロ波で生成された蒸気は,濾過性能を維持しながらN95呼吸器を滅菌するための効果的な方法です.
- 紫外線照射と蒸発した過酸化水素は 呼吸器の材料に最も少ない損傷を示した.
- SARS-CoV-2に対する浄化効果を完全に理解するには,さらなる研究が必要である.
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