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Standard Electrode Potentials03:02

Standard Electrode Potentials

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On comparing the reactivity of silver and lead, it is observed that the two ionic species, Ag+ (aq) and Pb2+ (aq), show a difference in their redox reactivity towards copper: the silver ion undergoes spontaneous reduction, while the lead ion does not. This relative redox activity can be easily quantified in electrochemical cells by a property called cell potential. This property is commonly known as cell voltage in electrochemistry, and it is a measure of the energy which accompanies the charge...
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A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
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San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge is exposed to temperatures ranging from -15 °C to 40 °C. At its coldest, the main span of the bridge is 1275 m long. Assuming that the bridge is made entirely of steel, what is the change in its length between these temperatures?
To solve the problem, first, identify the known and unknown quantities. The initial length (L) of the bridge is 1275 m, the coefficient of linear expansion (α) for steel is 12 x 10-6/°C, and the change in temperature (ΔT) is 55...
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高性能燃料電池カトドの熱膨張オフセット

Yuan Zhang1, Bin Chen2,3, Daqin Guan1

  • 1Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.

Nature
|March 11, 2021
PubMed
まとめ

研究者たちは 異なる熱膨張特性を持つ材料を組み合わせて 互換性のある固体酸化燃料電池電極を開発しました このアプローチは,効率的なエネルギー変換のための安定性と活動を強化します.

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科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 電気化学
  • エネルギー変換

背景:

  • 固体酸化物燃料電池の商業開発は,熱力学的不安定性のために課題に直面しています.
  • 不一致した熱膨張による内部ストレスのグラデーションは,燃料電池の分解,デラミネーション,および破裂を引き起こす.

研究 の 目的:

  • 固体酸化物燃料電池のコンポーネント,特にカトドと電解質の間の熱機械的互換性を達成する.
  • 燃料電池電極の安定性と電気化学的活動を高めるため

主な方法:

  • コバルト基のペロブスキートとマイナス熱膨張材料を組み合わせるために反応性シンターリングを使用しました.
  • 電解質に合わせた 熱膨張行動を持つ 複合電極を形成した.
  • カルシネーション中のペロブスキットの新しいインターフェーズとAサイト欠陥の形成を調査した.

主要な成果:

  • 電解質との熱膨張行動がよく一致する複合電極を開発した.
  • 複合電極は高い電気化学的活性と優れた安定性を示した.
  • 性能改善に貢献する新しいインターフェーズとAサイトの欠陥を特定しました.

結論:

  • 負の熱膨張材料の反応性シンタリングによる熱膨張オフセットの導入は実行可能な戦略です.
  • このアプローチは,固体酸化物燃料電池のための完全に互換性のある高活性電極を開発するための一般的な方法を提供します.
  • 熱力学的不安定性を克服することは,固体酸化物燃料電池技術の進歩の鍵です.