海洋変形断層における拡張地構造と二段階の地殻増殖
Ingo Grevemeyer1, Lars H Rüpke2, Jason P Morgan3
1GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany. igrevemeyer@geomar.de.
Nature
|March 18, 2021
まとめ
海の変形断層は プレート冷却だけでなく 複雑な地質学的なプロセスによって 予想よりも深いのです この研究は,変形断層系における2段階の蓄積過程を明らかにしている.
科学分野:
- 地理学
- 構造学
- 海洋地質学
背景:
- 海洋変形断層は,断層地帯を形成する活発なプレート境界です.
- プレート構造の理論は 保守的なストライクスリップの境界線としてモデル化されています
- 現存するモデルでは 観測された海底の深さを 完全に説明できません
研究 の 目的:
- 観測された海底の深さと海洋変形断層のプレート冷却モデルの間の不一致を調査する.
- 変形断層の交差点での蓄積過程を分析する.
- 変換故障のダイナミクスのプラスチック切断の役割を理解する.
主な方法:
- 41の海洋変形断層からの高解像度マルチビームバチメトリックデータの収集.
- 海底の深さの変動を分析した.
- 切断障害と拡張の3次元粘性プラスチック数値モデリング.
主要な成果:
- 変形断層に沿った海底は,関連する断層地帯よりも体系的に深い (最大1.6km).
- トランスフォーム・リッジの交差点での収縮は非対称で,内側の角でより深い結節盆地がある.
- 数値モデルでは,傾斜切断と深さの拡張,薄くなる地殻と石層が示されています.
結論:
- 変形断層は純粋に保守的なものではありません.それらは地殻の薄めと石層の拡張を含みます.
- 変換断層系での収縮は,2段階のプロセスであり,リッジの交差ダイナミクスを含む.
- 観測されたバチメトリは,変形断層進化の単純なプレート冷却モデルに異議を唱える.
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