野生の動物の微生物群の多様性と機能的な風景
Doron Levin1, Neta Raab1, Yishay Pinto1
1Wild Biotech, Rehovot, Israel.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|March 26, 2021
まとめ
野生動物の腸内微生物は 未開拓の可能性を秘めています この研究は,動物の特徴との様々な機能と関連性を明らかにし,新しい治療法とバイオテクノロジーの発見のための新しいリソースを強調しています.
科学分野:
- 微生物学
- エコロジー
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- 野生の動物は 毒素や病気に対して 驚くべき回復力を発揮し 腸内微生物群が原因である可能性があります
- 動物の微生物の多様性と機能に関する現在の理解は,特に野生の集団では限られている.
研究 の 目的:
- メタゲノミクスを用いて様々な野生動物の腸内微生物群を総合的に分析する.
- 野生動物の腸内微生物ゲノムに関する 機能的なデータベースを構築する.
- 微生物の組成,機能,宿主動物の特徴との関連を調査する.
主な方法:
- 180種類以上の野生動物の腸内物質のメタゲノム解析
- 微生物のゲノムを再構築するためのメタゲノムのデノボ組立.
- 微生物の機能を特定するために組み立てられたゲノムの機能的な注釈.
- 微生物の特徴と宿主の特徴を相関させるための生物情報分析
主要な成果:
- これまでに知られていなかった75%のバクテリア種1209種を含む5000以上の微生物ゲノムのデータベースが構築されました.
- 腸内微生物の組成,多様性,機能,宿主動物の分類,食事,活動,社会的構造,寿命の間で重要な関連性が見つかりました.
- この研究では,宿主の適応と健康に潜在的に関連している新しい微生物の遺伝子と経路を特定しました.
結論:
- 野生動物の腸内微生物群は 微生物の多様性と機能の 広大で未知の貯蔵庫です
- この微生物資源は新しい治療法や バイオテクノロジーの応用の可能性を 秘めています
- 野生動物の微生物群に関するさらなる研究は,宿主-微生物の相互作用と進化的適応に関する洞察をもたらすことができる.
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