イギリスにおけるSARS-CoV-2系統B.1.1.7の伝染性の評価
Erik Volz1, Swapnil Mishra2, Meera Chand3
1MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, Jameel Institute for Disease and Emergency Analytics, Imperial College London, London, UK. e.volz@imperial.ac.uk.
Nature
|March 26, 2021
まとめ
英国で確認されたSARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7変種は,伝染の有意な利点を示しています. この変種は,懸念される変種 (VOC) 202012/01としても知られており,他の系統よりも50-100%感染性が高い.
科学分野:
- ウイルス学
- エピデミオロジー
- ゲノミクス
背景:
- SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7系統 (VOC 202012/01) は2020年末にイギリスで発生した.
- B.1.1.7の急速な拡大は選択的優位性を示唆し,その伝染性を調査する必要がある.
研究 の 目的:
- SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7変種の伝染性を評価する.
- B.1.1.7の伝播ダイナミクスを,他の循環するSARS-CoV-2の系統と比較する.
主な方法:
- コミュニティテストによる全ゲノムSARS-CoV-2配列データとS遺伝子ターゲット障害 (SGTF) の分析.
- ゲノムとSGTFデータを用いて,B.1.1.7と他の系統の時間変化の生殖数を推定する.
主要な成果:
- VOC B.1.1.7は,非VOC系統と比較して,著しく高い伝染性 (生殖数が50~100%高い) を表しています.
- SGTFのデータは,VOCの頻度を推論するゲノムデータを密接に追跡しています.
- B.1. 1.7 感染症で20歳未満の個体における一時的な増加が観察されました.
結論:
- SARS-CoV-2 B.1.1.7変種は,伝染の利点が大きい.
- B.1. 1. 7の伝染性は,症例の人口統計の観測された変化にもかかわらず,年齢層によって有意に異なるようには見えません.
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