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関連する概念動画

Structures of Solids02:22

Structures of Solids

16.6K
Solids in which the atoms, ions, or molecules are arranged in a definite repeating pattern are known as crystalline solids. Metals and ionic compounds typically form ordered, crystalline solids. A crystalline solid has a precise melting temperature because each atom or molecule of the same type is held in place with the same forces or energy. Amorphous solids or non-crystalline solids (or, sometimes, glasses) which lack an ordered internal structure and are randomly arranged. Substances that...
16.6K
X-ray Crystallography02:18

X-ray Crystallography

24.9K
The size of the unit cell and the arrangement of atoms in a crystal may be determined from measurements of the diffraction of X-rays by the crystal, termed X-ray crystallography.
Diffraction
Diffraction is the change in the direction of travel experienced by an electromagnetic wave when it encounters a physical barrier whose dimensions are comparable to those of the wavelength of the light. X-rays are electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths about as long as the distance between neighboring...
24.9K
Metallic Solids02:37

Metallic Solids

19.9K
Metallic solids such as crystals of copper, aluminum, and iron are formed by metal atoms. The structure of metallic crystals is often described as a uniform distribution of atomic nuclei within a “sea” of delocalized electrons. The atoms within such a metallic solid are held together by a unique force known as metallic bonding that gives rise to many useful and varied bulk properties.
All metallic solids exhibit high thermal and electrical conductivity, metallic luster, and malleability....
19.9K
Polymer Classification: Crystallinity01:21

Polymer Classification: Crystallinity

3.5K
Unlike ionic or small covalent molecules, polymers do not form crystalline solids due to the diffusion limitations of their long-chain structures. However, polymers contain microscopic crystalline domains separated by amorphous domains.
Crystalline domains are the regions where polymer chains are aligned in an orderly manner and held together in proximity by intermolecular forces. For example, chains in the crystalline domains of polyethylene and nylon are bound together by van der Waals...
3.5K
Ionic Crystal Structures02:42

Ionic Crystal Structures

16.0K
Ionic crystals consist of two or more different kinds of ions that usually have different sizes. The packing of these ions into a crystal structure is more complex than the packing of metal atoms that are the same size.
Most monatomic ions behave as charged spheres, and their attraction for ions of opposite charge is the same in every direction. Consequently, stable structures for ionic compounds result (1) when ions of one charge are surrounded by as many ions as possible of the opposite...
16.0K
Lattice Centering and Coordination Number02:33

Lattice Centering and Coordination Number

10.6K
The structure of a crystalline solid, whether a metal or not, is best described by considering its simplest repeating unit, which is referred to as its unit cell. The unit cell consists of lattice points that represent the locations of atoms or ions. The entire structure then consists of this unit cell repeating in three dimensions. The three different types of unit cells present in the cubic lattice are illustrated in Figure 1.
Types of Unit Cells
Imagine taking a large number of identical...
10.6K

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関連する実験動画

Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

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無形固体の3次元原子構造の決定

Yao Yang1, Jihan Zhou1,2, Fan Zhu1

  • 1Department of Physics & Astronomy, STROBE NSF Science & Technology Center and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Nature
|April 1, 2021
PubMed
まとめ

原子電子トモグラフィーを開発した研究者は 形のない固体の3D原子構造を明らかにしました この方法は,結晶のようなクラスターを特定し,非結晶物質への新しい洞察を提供しました.

さらに関連する動画

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

15.7K

関連する実験動画

Last Updated: Nov 10, 2025

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates
06:35

Construction and Systematical Symmetric Studies of a Series of Supramolecular Clusters with Binary or Ternary Ammonium Triphenylacetates

Published on: February 15, 2016

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Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses
08:55

Methods of Ex Situ and In Situ Investigations of Structural Transformations: The Case of Crystallization of Metallic Glasses

Published on: June 7, 2018

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Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
14:55

Atomic Scale Structural Studies of Macromolecular Assemblies by Solid-state Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy

Published on: September 17, 2017

15.7K

科学分野:

  • 材料科学
  • 凝縮物質物理学
  • ナノテクノロジー

背景:

  • グラスやプラスチックのような無形な固体は技術において不可欠ですが 遠距離の秩序が欠如しているため 3Dの原子構造は実験的に未決定のままです
  • 原子の配置を理解することは,電気通信,電子,太陽電池における材料の特性と応用を最適化するために不可欠です.

研究 の 目的:

  • 無形な固体内の3次元 (3D) の原子位置を実験的に決定する.
  • 形のない物質の3D原子配置における短距離と中距離の順序を定量的に特徴づける.

主な方法:

  • 原子電子トモグラフィーの再構築方法の開発.
  • 原則の証明として,多成分ガラス成形合金にこの方法を適用する.

主要な成果:

  • アモルフな固体の3D原子の位置を 決定しました
  • 短距離の秩序構造が結晶のような超群を形成し,中距離の秩序を形成することを観察した.
  • 4種類の結晶のような中距離順序 (FCC,HCP,BCC,SC) が特定され,トランスレーション順序であるが,方向順序ではない.

結論:

  • この発見は,金属ガラスの効率的なクラスターパッケージングモデルを支持する直接的な実験的証拠を提供します.
  • この技術は,様々な形状のない固体の3D構造の決定を可能にし,非結晶物質の理解を進めるものと期待されています.