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乳がん

Sibylle Loibl¹, Philip Poortmans², Monica Morrow³

¹German Breast Group, Neu-Isenburg, Germany; Centre for Haematology and Oncology Bethanien, Frankfurt, Germany.

Lancet (London, England)

|April 4, 2021

まとめ

乳がんの治療は分子および免疫マーカーによって進化し,パーソナライズされたネオアジュバント療法と低濃度放射線療法が可能になりました. 先進的な標的治療薬と免疫療法は転移性疾患に合わせた選択肢を提供しています

科学分野:

腫瘍学
分子生物学
免疫学

背景:

乳がんは世界の主要ながんであり, 分子特性により理解が進化しています
主なマーカーには免疫ヒストキミカル (ER,PR,HER2,Ki-67),ゲノム (BRCA1/ 2,PIK3CA),免疫マーカー (TIL,PD- L1) が含まれる.

研究の目的:

乳がんの診断と治療の進歩を強調する
分子プロファイルのパーソナライズド医療への移行を強調します

主な方法:

複数のバイオマーカーの組み合わせを含む現在の診断アルゴリズムのレビュー.
標的薬および免疫療法を含む新補助薬および転移性治療戦略の分析

主要な成果:

ネオアジュバント併用療法 (HER2陽性,トリプルネガティブ) は標準的なもので,外科的緩和および治療後の戦略を指針としています.
内分泌療法 (5~10年) と化学療法が,ER陽性腫瘍のリスクに基づいて用いられる.
転移治療には,CDK4/ 6,PI3K,PARP阻害剤,および腫瘍プロファイルに合わせた抗PD- L1免疫療法が含まれています.

結論:

乳がんの治療はバイオマーカーの進歩により複雑化しています
個別化された治療戦略が標準になりつつあります新補助医療から転移性疾患の管理までです

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