PIK3CAとCCMの変異は,癌のようなメカニズムを通して洞窟細胞に燃料を与えます
Aileen A Ren1, Daniel A Snellings2, Yourong S Su3
1Department of Medicine and Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Nature
|April 28, 2021
まとめ
PI3K- mTOR経路の活性化とCCM複合体の喪失により,脳の洞穴異常 (CCM) が増加します. ラパミシンのようなmTORC1阻害剤は,CCMの形成を阻害し,攻撃的な血管異常を治療する可能性がある.
科学分野:
- 血管生物学
- 分子遺伝学
- 腫瘍学
背景:
- 脳洞性異常 (CCM) は,CCMタンパク質複合体の不活性化に関連した血管性異常である.
- 脳卒中や発作などのCCMの急速な成長と臨床的な後遺症は,まだ十分に理解されていません.
- CCMの成長の分子要因を理解することは 効果的な治療法の開発に不可欠です
研究 の 目的:
- 脳の洞窟性異常の急速な増殖を促す 分子機構を解明する
- CCMの病原性に関与する重要なシグナル伝達経路と遺伝的変異を特定する.
- 攻撃的なCCMの潜在的治療目標を探求する.
主な方法:
- PIK3CAとCCM複合遺伝子の体内の変異をヒトのCCMサンプルで分析する.
- PI3K-mTORシグナル伝達とCCM複合体の機能を内皮細胞で調べるためにマウスモデルを使用した.
- mTORC1阻害剤ラパミシンのCCM形成を阻害する効果を in vivoで評価した.
主要な成果:
- CCMの成長には,PI3K-mTORのシグナル伝達が増加し,CCM複合体の機能が失われる必要があります.
- PIK3CAの機能獲得変異とCCM複合体の機能喪失変異は,ヒトCCMの同じ細胞で特定されました.
- CCMの機能喪失とKLF4の発現は内皮mTORの信号伝達を強化し,ラパミシン治療はマウスモデルでCCMの形成を抑制した.
結論:
- 腫瘍抑制剤の喪失と腫瘍遺伝子の増加が 攻撃的なCCMを駆動する 3つのヒットメカニズムが癌に類似しています
- mTORC1阻害剤でPI3K- mTOR経路を標的にすることは,攻撃的なCCMに対する潜在的な治療戦略です.
- 臨床的に承認されたmTORC1阻害剤は,攻撃的な脳洞性異常症の治療に再使用され得る.
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