ドロソフィラの脳内の活動,代謝,行動の結合
Kevin Mann1, Stephane Deny2, Surya Ganguli3,4
1Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
Nature
|April 29, 2021
まとめ
神経活動が脳内のエネルギー代謝に直接影響を及ぼし,神経機能と代謝の流れの強い関係を示しています. この発見は 代謝測定法を用いて 脳活動を理解することを支持しています
科学分野:
- 神経科学
- 代謝生物学
- システム生物学
背景:
- 神経活動の調整は 様々な行動状態に不可欠です
- 酸素消費とグルコース吸収で測定されるエネルギー代謝は,神経活動のプロキシとしてしばしば使用されます.
- 行動中の無傷な回路における神経活動と代謝の流れの因果関係は不明である.
研究 の 目的:
- ニューラル活動とメタボリックフルスとの因果関係を リアルタイムで調べる
- 神経活動が 代謝変化を誘発するかどうかを判断する
- 神経代謝の予測能力を探求する
主な方法:
- 2フォトン顕微鏡を用いて,ハエの脳における神経活動と代謝の流れを同時に測定する.
- 休憩状態とアクティブ状態をリアルタイムで監視するセンサーが使われています.
- ニューラル活動を操作するために 局所的な光遺伝的混乱を 採用した.
主要な成果:
- 神経活動が 代謝の流れの変化を誘導し 脳のネットワークの 緊密な結合を確立することを示しました
- 細胞内ATPの急速かつ持続的な増加を誘導する.
- 最小限の行動でも 神経活動とエネルギー代謝の 変化を誘発することが判明しました
結論:
- 神経活動は,代謝の流れの直接的な原動力であり,脳機能を評価するための代謝代理物の使用を検証します.
- ニューロンの代謝は 将来のエネルギー需要を予測して 積極的に資源を割り当てているようです
- 行動的イニシアチブは 広範な脳ネットワークを巻き込み 神経活動とエネルギー代謝の両方に 影響を及ぼします
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