エーゲ海の宮殿文明のゲノム史
Florian Clemente1, Martina Unterländer2, Olga Dolgova3
1Department of Computational Biology, University of Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Cell
|April 30, 2021
まとめ
古代ギリシャの青銅器時代 (BA) の集団は,新石器時代のエーゲー海の同質な祖先を示し,移住は限られていた. 後期の中期BA集団は,現代のギリシャのゲノムを形作る,重要なステッペ関連祖先を組み込んだ.
科学分野:
- 古代のゲノム学
- 考古遺伝学
- ヨーロッパ史前史
背景:
- ギリシャの青銅器時代 (BA) は,サイクラディック,ミノア,ヘラディック (ミケニア) の文化を含む.
- この時代は都市化,複雑な社会,専門的な工芸,農業,初期の文字システムによって定義されています.
研究 の 目的:
- 初期の青銅器時代から中期のエーゲー海の人口の遺伝的景観を調査する.
- この形成期間の人口動態と移住パターンを理解する.
主な方法:
- 初期から中期の青銅時代の6人の全ゲノム配列解析
- 11人のミトコンドリアゲノム配列解析
- 祖先と集団の関係を推測する古代DNAの分析
主要な成果:
- 初期の青銅器時代 (EBA) のエーゲー海のゲノムは遺伝的に均質であり,主に新石器時代のエーゲー海の祖先から派生しています.
- EBAの集団は東洋からの遺伝子の流れが限られていることが,アナトリア人にもあるカフカスの祖先によって証明されている.
- 紀元前2600〜2000年頃に遡る,ギリシャ北部の中銅器時代 (MBA) の個人は,ポントス・カスピス・ステッペに関連した祖先を有意に (~50%) 表している.
結論:
- エーゲ海における新石器時代から青銅器時代の初期への移行は,大規模な人口交換によってではなく,連続性と制限された外部遺伝子フローによって引き起こされました.
- 中世の青銅器時代には,ポントス・カスピの草原から大規模な移住が起こり,ギリシャの人口の遺伝子組成を形作る上で重要な役割を果たした.
- これらの青銅時代の遺伝子フローは,現代のギリシャ人の遺伝子プロフィールに寄与しました.
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